Undergrad Conductors without real world particles

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SUMMARY

Conductors can be effectively understood through the lens of continuous charge distributions rather than solely relying on real-world particles like protons and electrons. While electrons are the primary charge carriers in conductors and semiconductors, the simplification of using continuous models, such as current density (##\vec J##) and charge density (##\rho##), aligns with Maxwell's equations. This approach facilitates easier calculations and conceptualization in physics, particularly when dealing with large quantities of particles.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Maxwell's equations
  • Familiarity with continuous charge distributions
  • Basic knowledge of charge carriers in conductors and semiconductors
  • Concept of current density (##\vec J##) and charge density (##\rho##)
NEXT STEPS
  • Study Maxwell's equations in detail
  • Explore the concept of continuous charge distributions in electrostatics
  • Research the role of charge carriers in semiconductor physics
  • Learn about the mathematical representation of current density and charge density
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in the theoretical foundations of electromagnetism and conductor behavior.

FS98
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do conductors have to be thought of in terms of protons and electrons?

We can think of charged objects as continuous charge distributions for example without reference to any sort of real world particles. This is much simpler to grasp for me.

Is the same sort of thing done for conductors, or must we think of them in terms of real world particles?
 
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FS98 said:
We can think of charged objects as continuous charge distributions for example without reference to any sort of real world particles.

electrons ARE the charge carriers ( and in some less common cases the protons ... semiconductor physics)

FS98 said:
Is the same sort of thing done for conductors, or must we think of them in terms of real world particles?

I don't of how we couldn't consider that as the case
 
davenn said:
electrons ARE the charge carriers ( and in some less common cases the protons ... semiconductor physics)
I don't of how we couldn't consider that as the case
But when we think of continuous charge distributions we aren’t thinking of electrons. If something was made of a finite number of particles it couldn’t really be continuous could it be ?
 
FS98 said:
But when we think of continuous charge distributions we aren’t thinking of electrons. If something was made of a finite number of particles it couldn’t really be continuous could it be ?
of course it is ... I have a piece of copper wire in my hand ... it has a finite length, diameter, number of atoms of protons and electrons
 
Currents are often dealt with in terms of a continuous current density ##\vec J##, just like we often use a continuous charge density ##\rho##. It's easier than dealing with a bazillion point particles moving with some average velocity ##\vec v##.

Look up Maxwell's equations if you haven't seen them already. They're written in terms of continuous ##\vec J## and ##\rho##. When we want to deal with point particles, we express ##\rho## using Dirac delta functions.
 
FS98 said:
do conductors have to be thought of in terms of protons and electrons?

We can think of charged objects as continuous charge distributions for example without reference to any sort of real world particles. This is much simpler to grasp for me.

Is the same sort of thing done for conductors, or must we think of them in terms of real world particles?

This is a very odd and puzzling question, considering that Maxwell equations already deal with continuous charge distribution and continuous current flow.

Zz.
 
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