Confirming stable new elements?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the detection and stability of trans-uranium elements, particularly focusing on whether stable isotopes of these elements could be overlooked and the methods used to observe them. It touches on theoretical aspects of nuclear stability, decay products, and experimental techniques in element production.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest that stable isotopes of trans-uranium elements may be overlooked, particularly in light of recent discoveries like element 118, which was detected through its signature radiation.
  • Others argue that elements with atomic numbers greater than 82 do not have stable isotopes, citing the recent discovery of bismuth's radioactivity as evidence.
  • A participant questions the methods of observation for elements beyond a certain weight, asking if there have been rumors of comparatively stable trans-uranium elements detected by means other than decay.
  • One participant emphasizes that the question of stability is not merely academic, discussing the timescales involved in nuclear processes and the possibility of stable elements existing in the "island of stability." They mention that various facilities and experiments are dedicated to detecting stable elements using specific techniques.
  • There is a suggestion that very stable elements can be detected using Wien filters and dipoles to minimize background noise in experiments.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the existence of stable isotopes among trans-uranium elements, with some asserting that none exist while others propose that they may be detectable under certain conditions. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the potential for stable isotopes and the methods of their detection.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the limitations of current understanding regarding the stability of heavy elements and the dependence on experimental techniques and definitions of stability. There are unresolved questions about the timescales involved in nuclear processes and the effectiveness of various detection methods.

Loren Booda
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Trans-uranium element production is more often confirmed from decay products. But would such a new atom be overlooked if stable? Recently, element 118 occurred in one out of 1019 collisions, and was most readily detected by its signature radiation.
 
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Your question is academic in that elements with atomic no. >82 have no stable isotopes (Bi was recently discovered to be radioactive).
 
How many elements have, or beyond what weight have they, been observed by methods other than decay (by eyesight, say)? Have there not been rumors of comparatively stable trans-uranium elements?
 
mathman said:
Your question is academic in that elements with atomic no. >82 have no stable isotopes (Bi was recently discovered to be radioactive).
I may misunderstand your objection, but you may also be unaware of the timescales involved. Take 1 fm as a typical nuclear size. Take the speed of light as a typical velocity (we are only interested in the odrer of scales involved). You will find that, the time it takes for a nucleon to go from on side of the nucleus to the other is of the order [tex]10^{-24}[/tex] s. Here we are talking about nuclei with halflives above 1 ms. This is a huge time at the nuclear scale. Besides, it could very well be that, in the island of stability, there are elements with halflives of the order of days.

So I find the question is not academic at all. The key is that, there are several facilities around the world and several experiments at each facility. The different experiments are dedicated to look at a given scale in lifetime. In particular, very stable elements are easy to detect by "eyesight", just by using Wien filters which, for a given energy, select the ratio of the mass to the charge. Combined with regular dipoles, you can get rid of huge backgrounds and keep only the elements you search for.

Even though I am not an expert in superheavy ions research, I am pretty certain that too much stability is not an issue.
 

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