Confusion (1) from Weinberg's QFT.(unitary representation)

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SUMMARY

The discussion revolves around the normalization factor N(p) in Weinberg's Quantum Field Theory (QFT), specifically in equation (2.5.5), where the unitary operator U transforms states. Participants question the necessity of N(p) if U is indeed unitary, leading to confusion regarding the preservation of orthonormality. It is established that the momentum basis vectors \Psi_{k,\sigma} have infinite norm and do not belong to the Hilbert space, thus complicating the application of unitary transformations. The consensus is that while U preserves inner products, it does not maintain orthonormality in the traditional sense due to the nature of the normalization employed.

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  • #31
A. Neumaier said:
This describes ortho_normality_. Orthogonality is the waker statement assuming p and p' being different and concluding that the inner product vanishes - this is independent of the scaling of the metric. But for orthonormality, the precise factor matters, and different factors define different concepts of orthonormality.
[/QUOTE]
Ok, that's more or less satisfactory to me, thanks.
 
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  • #32
Fredrik said:
You keep coming back to this, but this is a result about inner product spaces, and we're not dealing with an inner product space.

Unfortunately I don't know rigged Hilbert spaces well enough to explain what you should be saying instead, at least not without making a bigger effort than I have time for right now.
Sorry about that. What you said makes sense, but some other people don't seem to insist that this is the crux of the problem, and I have to mention it to make my point sometimes.
 
  • #33
If what I said is the crux of the problem or not depends on if we're trying to explain why your original argument doesn't work, or how things work in the space we're actually dealing with. I've been focusing on the former. Someone who focuses on the latter will of course emphasize other things. I don't think any of them disagrees with me about what's wrong with the argument.
 

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