Confusion about moment of inertia

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the moment of inertia (MoI) for a T-section, specifically whether to find it with respect to both the x and y axes or just the centroidal axis. Participants clarify that the MoI should be calculated about the centroidal axis, which is an axis passing through the centroid of the shape. The perpendicular axis theorem is highlighted as a useful method for determining the MoI about an axis normal to the plane by summing the MoIs about two perpendicular axes in the plane. The consensus is to report the MoI about the centroidal axis without combining them into a polar second moment of area unless specified.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of moment of inertia (MoI) concepts
  • Familiarity with centroidal axes and their significance
  • Knowledge of the perpendicular axis theorem
  • Basic principles of mechanics of solids
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of the perpendicular axis theorem in detail
  • Learn how to calculate moment of inertia for various geometric shapes
  • Explore the differences between centroidal and non-centroidal axes
  • Investigate the implications of polar moments of inertia in structural analysis
USEFUL FOR

Engineering students, mechanical engineers, and anyone involved in structural analysis or mechanics of materials will benefit from this discussion on calculating the moment of inertia for complex shapes like T-sections.

Hoshiiiiiiiiiiiii
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When a question only asks for the moment of inertia (of say, a T-section), do I have to find the moment of inertia with respect to both the x and the y axis?
 
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Hoshiiiiiiiiiiiii said:
When a question only asks for the moment of inertia (of say, a T-section), do I have to find the moment of inertia with respect to both the x and the y axis?
In the absence if any other information, it would be about an axis through the mass centre, but that still leaves open more than one possibility. If it is essentially a 2D shape I suggest an axis normal to that.
Please post the whole question, word for word, with any diagrams.
 
The question says "Calculate the second moment of area of the T-section given below" with this diagram
KSoA5Q2.jpg

I have found the moment of inertia with respect to both axes correctly, but I'm confused whether I should leave them like that or add them together to get the polar second moment of area.
 

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Hoshiiiiiiiiiiiii said:
The question says "Calculate the second moment of area of the T-section given below" with this diagram https://www.physicsforums.com/attachments/shear-stresses-on-beam-mechanics-of-solids-41-1-jpg.234480/?temp_hash=efb03e1eeffac051d9d9072edf2482c7

I have found the moment of inertia with respect to both axes correctly, but I'm confused whether I should leave them like that or add them together to get the polar second moment of area.
The image us not working for me. Nothing happens when I click the icon.
 
haruspex said:
The image us not working for me. Nothing happens when I click the icon.
I edited my reply. I think it's working now.
 
Hoshiiiiiiiiiiiii said:
I edited my reply. I think it's working now.
Yes, I see it now.
I stick with my earlier guess: take the axis as being through the mass centre and normal to the plane.
 
Thank you so much!
 
haruspex said:
take the axis as being through the mass centre and normal to the plane.

Does it simply mean calculating MOI at centriodal axis?
 
Benjamin_harsh said:
Does it simply mean calculating MOI at centriodal axis?
AS far as I am aware, a centroidal axis is any axis that passes through the centroid. See e.g. https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-Neutral-axis-and-Centroidal-axis.
Also, please do not keep referring to an MoI "at" an axis. An axis is a line. Write MoI about an axis.

For a lamina, a centroidal axis could be within the plane of the lamina, at any angle, or not even within the plane.
A useful theorem is the perpendicular axis theorem. This says that you can find the MoIs about any two such axes at right angles in the plane and add them together to find the MoI about the axis through the centroid and normal to the plane.
 

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