Constant Power, Variable Acceleration

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on a physics problem involving a car accelerating with constant engine power, P, rather than constant acceleration. The first task is to derive the car's velocity as a function of time, considering the relationship between power, work, and force. The second task compares this car's performance with another car that accelerates at a constant rate of 12.0 m/s², leading to questions about which car takes the initial lead and whether the other car overtakes it. Finally, the discussion includes a calculation for the minimum power required to win a drag race over a distance of 0.250 miles, given both cars have a mass of 1000 kg.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with the concepts of power and work in physics
  • Knowledge of kinematic equations for constant acceleration
  • Ability to manipulate equations involving force, mass, and acceleration
NEXT STEPS
  • Derive the velocity function for a car under constant power conditions
  • Analyze the conditions for overtaking in variable acceleration scenarios
  • Calculate power requirements for different mass and acceleration scenarios in drag racing
  • Explore the implications of air resistance on vehicle acceleration and performance
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, automotive engineers, and anyone interested in the dynamics of vehicle acceleration and performance optimization in racing scenarios.

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Homework Statement



A car of mass m accelerates from rest along a level straight track, not at constant acceleration, but with constant engine power, P. Assume that air resistance is negligible.

a) Find the car's velocity as a function of time
b) A second car starts from rest alongside the first car on the same track, but maintains a constant acceleration. Which car takes the initial lead? Does the other car overtake it? If yes, write a formula for the distance from the starting point at which this happens.
c) You are in a drag race, on a straight level track, with an opponent whose car maintains a constant acceleration of 12.0 m/s2. Both cars have identical masses of 1000 kg. The cars start together from rest. Air resistance is assumed to be negligible. Calculate the minimum power your engine needs for you to win the race, assuming the power output is constant and the distance to the finish line is 0.250 miles.

Homework Equations



P=dW/dt; W=F [dot] delta-r; F=ma

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm pretty stuck at this one. My first thought is dW/dt=F [dot] dr/dt = F [dot] v = Fvcos[F-v]=P, but since a (and therefore F) are variable, I'm not sure where to go from here. Once I get the answer to A, I think I can do B and C (though the acceleration isn't mentioned in B, which I find confusing). Any hints? Thanks :)
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Constant power means that energy is being given to the car at a constant rate. Where is that energy going?
 

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