Convection diffusion equation 1D exact solution

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SUMMARY

The analytical solution for the 1D convection diffusion equation with constant heat flux has been derived, considering boundary conditions at x=0 (T=0°C) and x=1 (T=100°C). The equation is expressed as u/alpha (dT/dx) - d²T/dx² = q'''/k, where alpha = k/(rho*Cp) and P = (rho*u*L)/k. The correct solution for temperature T as a function of x is T = (TL-T0-c/b)*(exp(Px/L) -1) / (exp(P)-1) + T0 +(c/b)x, where A and B are constants determined by the boundary conditions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the convection diffusion equation
  • Familiarity with boundary value problems in partial differential equations
  • Knowledge of thermal properties: density (rho), specific heat (Cp), and thermal conductivity (k)
  • Experience with differential equation solvers
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the convection diffusion equation solutions
  • Learn about boundary value problem techniques in numerical methods
  • Explore the implications of the Peclet number (P) in heat transfer
  • Investigate the use of software tools for solving differential equations, such as MATLAB or Python's SciPy library
USEFUL FOR

Researchers, engineers, and students in thermal engineering, applied mathematics, and physics who are working on heat transfer problems and require analytical solutions for convection diffusion equations.

phunnyish
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I'm looking for the analytical solution for the 1D convection diffusion equation with a constant heat flux.

Boundary conditions:
The domain I'm looking at is x from 0 meters to 1 meter. The temperature at x=0 is T=0 degrees Celsius. At x=1, T=100 C.

I'm given the equation:

d/dx(rho*Cp*u*T)=d/dx(k dT/dx) + q'''

rho=density
Cp=specific heat
u=velocity in x-dir
T=temperature
k=thermal conductivity
q=generated heat (constant)
alpha=k/(rho*Cp)
P=(rho*u*L)/k (Peclet number)
To=0 C=273 K
T_L=100 C=373 K

I get it in the form:

u/alpha (dT/dx) - d^2T/dx^2 = q'''/k (equation 2)

I need to solve for T as a function of x (space).

I found the no generation solution to be

T(x)=(T_L-To)*(exp(P*x/L)-1)/(exp(P)-1)+To;

I tried plugging my equation 2 into a DE solver and I got

T(x)=[a*c1*e^(bx/a)]/(b) + cx/b + c2

c1 and c2 are constants
a=-1
b=u/alpha
c=q'''/k

I tried plugging in my boundary conditions to solve for c1 and c2 multiple times, but the solutions are not coming close to my numerical solutions at all.

I have also searched numerous sites trying to find this solution.

If anyone knows what T(x) is for this type of problem with constant heat flux, please respond to this post. Thank you.
 
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To me it looks like the DE solver solution is incorrect. Just delete the a=-1 to get the right answer which should be:

Aexp(Px/L) + B + (c/b)x

The boundary conditions give
A+B=T0
Aexp(P)+B+c/b =TL.
Subtracting the two equations gives
A = (TL-T0-c/b) / (exp(P)-1).
B = T0 - A.

T = (TL-T0-c/b)*(exp(Px/L) -1) / (exp(P)-1) + T0 +(c/b)x
 

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