Covariant differentiation on 2-sphere

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on covariant differentiation on the 2-sphere \( S^2 \) with coordinates \( x^\mu = (\theta, \phi) \) and the metric \( ds^2 = d\theta^2 + \sin^2 \theta \, d\phi^2 \). Participants are tasked with calculating the covariant derivatives \( \nabla_\theta \nabla_\phi V^\theta \) and \( \nabla_\phi \nabla_\theta V^\theta \) for the vector \( \vec{V} \) with components \( V^\mu = (0, 1) \). The discussion highlights the importance of showing work in calculations, as one participant emphasizes the need for detailed steps to provide assistance.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of differential geometry concepts, particularly covariant differentiation.
  • Familiarity with the geometry of the 2-sphere \( S^2 \) and its metric properties.
  • Knowledge of tensor notation and operations, including vector components and covariant derivatives.
  • Basic calculus skills, especially in the context of multivariable functions.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of covariant derivatives in Riemannian geometry.
  • Learn about the Levi-Civita connection and its application to spherical coordinates.
  • Explore examples of covariant differentiation on other manifolds, such as \( S^3 \) or hyperbolic space.
  • Investigate the implications of curvature on covariant derivatives and geodesics.
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, physicists, and students engaged in advanced calculus, differential geometry, or general relativity who seek to deepen their understanding of covariant differentiation on curved surfaces.

felixphysics
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Consider a 2-sphere S2 with coordinates xμ=(θ,[itex]\phi[/itex]) and metric ds2=dθ2+sin2θ d[itex]\phi[/itex]2 and a vector [itex]\vec{V}[/itex] with components Vμ=(0,1). Calculate the following quantities.

θ[itex]\phi[/itex]Vθ

[itex]\phi[/itex]θVθ
 
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felixphysics said:
Consider a 2-sphere S2 with coordinates xμ=(θ,[itex]\phi[/itex]) and metric ds2=dθ2+sin2θ d[itex]\phi[/itex]2 and a vector [itex]\vec{V}[/itex] with components Vμ=(0,1). Calculate the following quantities.

θ[itex]\phi[/itex]Vθ

[itex]\phi[/itex]θVθ
[Mods should move this to calculus and beyond, methinks.]

I believe the formula for this case would be ##\nabla_{i}\mathbb{e}_j = \left\{\begin{array}\\{ij}\\{k}\end{array}\right\}\mathbb{e}_k##. However, you've shown no work, so I can't help you.
 

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