Damping Oscillation Homework: Time Constant & Amplitude After 4s

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SUMMARY

The discussion revolves around calculating the time constant for the damping of oscillation of a lamppost after a small earthquake. The initial amplitude is 6.5 cm, and after 8.0 seconds, it reduces to 1.8 cm. The relevant equation for this calculation is A = e^(-t/t), where A represents the amplitude at time t. The damping coefficient, β, can be derived from the relationship between two amplitudes at different times, allowing for the determination of the amplitude after 4.0 seconds.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of exponential decay in oscillatory systems
  • Familiarity with the equation A = e^(-t/t)
  • Basic knowledge of amplitude and time in the context of oscillations
  • Ability to manipulate equations to solve for unknown variables
NEXT STEPS
  • Calculate the damping coefficient β using the provided amplitudes and time intervals
  • Determine the amplitude of oscillation at 4.0 seconds using the damping equation
  • Explore the concept of damped harmonic oscillators in physics
  • Review exponential functions and their applications in real-world scenarios
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on oscillatory motion and damping effects, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to damped harmonic oscillators.

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Homework Statement


A small earthquake starts a lamppost vibrating back and forth. The amplitude of the vibration of the top of the lamppost is 6.5 cm at the moment the quake stops, and 8.0s later it is 1.8 cm.

What was the time constant for the damping of oscillation?

What's the amplitude of oscillation after 4.0s after the quake stopped?


Homework Equations



A = e^(-t/t)

The Attempt at a Solution



Professor is the worst, she went over the equation but didn't let us know what the variables stand for.

Can someone point me in the right direction? it's probably plug and play, but I won't know since I've never done it or seen it
 
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If the oscillation obeys the equation of the damped harmonic oscillator (which we can assume I guess, since they don't teach fourth order partial differential equations in high school...),
Then we know that the amplitude decays exponentialy.

So say, the amplitude at time t_1 is A_1 ant the amplitude at time t_2>t_1 is A_2, then the relationship between them is:

\frac{A_2}{A_1}=e^{-\beta (t_2-t_1)}

since you know the amplitudes, at two time values, you can calculate the \beta damping coefficient from here, and then everything else...:D
 

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