Conscious thought exists outside the universe looking at it. A thought isn’t physical.
To describe the whole universe, we have to say there is everything that is physical, and nothing.
Taking the pure concepts of physical and nothing, let’s put a zero-dimensional point on zero. Put another zero dimensional point next to it with no distance between them. Both points are still on zero. Both points are still nothing. You can add a thousand points and they will still be on zero, still nothing.
Put a zero-dimensional point a small distance from the point on zero: we have two distinct points, we are progressing down the number line. Put a thousand points that distance apart, and we have progressed noticeably down the number line. String theory says all points are strings. There is a string, or a small distance from zero to the first point. If there wasn’t the string, they would be the same point, and never get off of zero. All points really do have to be strings, in order to be points that are not zero.
On a sheet of paper, on a plane, we would put down a point that looks like a dot. It is point-like. The dot has a diameter. Put another dot next to it so there isn't any distance from the surface of the first dot to the next, and we can make a line, the same as we did with zero dimensional points placed a small distance apart. The dots, small circles are the same as strings. They are described by one dimension: diameter. On a line a string has length. On a plane, a string has area. In 3D space a string has volume.
So all points, which are physical things have volume. If you reduce the volume to zero, or you reduce the length of the string to zero you never get off of zero. It is nothing. If a point is not a string, it is nothing. So we have physical and we have nothing; that is everything in the universe.
Volume is a string in 3D space. If you reduce volume to zero, you have nothing. To have physical you must have volume.
The idea of nothing, or vacuum is a very powerful attractive force. Pure vacuum is the strong force. If you fill vacuum with point particles that have volume, and thus fill the vacuum, you can lessen the vacuum until it is not an attractive force. Slight imbalances in the way vacuum is filled by point particles that have no mass but must have volume in order to be a particle, produce gravity.
If photons are everywhere, maybe there is a static array of massless photon-like particles permeating all of space. They are like the light bulbs on a Las Vegas sign, which are set in place, although set is not the right word because they can change the shape of space. The photons we can see are energy being transferred from one of these particles to another, like lights that light up and go off causing what looks like movement, but is really static lights lighting up and shutting off.
Now we have a universe full of points which are matter but do not have a gravitational attraction. They have volume and affect the vacuum, and shape it.