Describe PE of Particles in a Gas

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies the concept of potential energy (PE) in gas particles, emphasizing that PE arises from the position of molecules relative to one another due to intermolecular forces. It specifically highlights that energy is required to separate molecules, such as during the evaporation of water, which increases the internal potential energy without raising kinetic energy. This potential energy is released when vapor condenses back into liquid. The absence of intermolecular forces negates the existence of potential energy.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of intermolecular forces
  • Basic knowledge of kinetic and potential energy
  • Familiarity with the process of evaporation and condensation
  • Concept of internal energy in thermodynamics
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  • Research the role of intermolecular forces in different states of matter
  • Explore the thermodynamic principles of evaporation and condensation
  • Study the relationship between kinetic energy and temperature in gases
  • Learn about the concept of internal energy in thermodynamic systems
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Students of physics, chemists, and anyone interested in understanding the thermodynamic properties of gases and the role of intermolecular forces in energy dynamics.

Jewish_Vulcan
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I understand why there is KE in the particles of a gas but I cannot really visualize the where the PE is coming from.. please straight forward answers!
 
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PE would be energy by virtue of a molecule's position with respect to other molecules due to intermolecular forces. For example, it takes energy to separate water molecules from each other so they don't stick together - evaporation. That process does not result in an increase of kinetic energy (temperature). But it does require energy, so it increases the internal potential energy of the molecules. That potential energy is returned when the vapour condenses. If there are no intermolecular forces, there would be no PE.

AM
 
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Andrew Mason said:
PE would be energy by virtue of a molecule's position with respect to other molecules due to intermolecular forces. For example, it takes energy to separate water molecules from each other so they don't stick together - evaporation. That process does not result in an increase of kinetic energy (temperature). But it does require energy, so it increases the internal potential energy of the molecules. That potential energy is returned when the vapour condenses. If there are no intermolecular forces, there would be no PE.

AM
Thank you! very logical answer.
 

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