Dimensional analysis to determine unknown exponents

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Dimensional analysis is applied to determine the unknown exponents l, m, and n in the equation λ = k μ^l f^m T^n, leading to the conclusion that l = -1/2, m = -1, and n = 1/2. The dimensions of the terms are established, with λ as length [L], f as [L]^-1, T as [M][L][T]^-2, and μ as [M][L]^-1. The resulting dimensional equations are set up for [L], [T], and [M], leading to three simultaneous equations. The user initially struggles with the next steps but realizes that solving these equations will yield the values of the exponents. The discussion highlights the process of using dimensional analysis to derive relationships between physical quantities.
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Homework Statement


1. Use the method of Dimensional Analysis to show that the unknown exponents in Equation (1) are l=-1/2, m=-1, and n=1/2.

Homework Equations


Equation (1) is \lambda = k \mu ^{l} f ^{m} T^{n}

Where:
\lambda is the wavelength;
f is the frequency of the sound;
T is the tension in the string;
\mu is the mass per unit length of the string.
k is a dimensionless constant.

The Attempt at a Solution


The dimensions for the above terms should be:
\lambda = [L] (Simple enough)
f=[L] ^{-1} (Since the frequency is the inverse of time. Is this correct?)
T=[M][L][T] ^{-2} (Since the tension in the rope is just the force exerted on it, right?)
\mu = [M][L] ^{-1} (Since it is the mass per unit length)

Which gives the dimensional equation as:
[L]=([M] \cdot [L]^{-1}) ^{l} \cdot ([T] ^{-1}) ^{m} \cdot ([M] \cdot [L] \cdot [T]^{-2})^{n}

Which can be used to make equations for [L], [T], and [M], respectively:

1=-1l + 1n ([L]) (i)
0=-1m - 2n ([T]) (ii)
0=1l + 1n ([M]) (iii)

And from here I don't know where to go. If I manipulate (ii) to state n in terms of m, I get n=-1/2m. But where do I go from here? I need to solve these three equations simultaneously?
 
Last edited:
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Oh, I got it. Sorry, I keep doing this with my posts here. XD
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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