Discovering the Science Behind Fizzy Angostura Bitters & Tonic Water

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SUMMARY

The addition of Angostura Bitters to tonic water significantly increases the fizzing effect due to the presence of insoluble spices that act as nucleation sites for CO2 bubble formation. This phenomenon is similar to the reaction observed when salt is added to boiling water, where initial fizzing occurs at the salt's location before it dissolves. The discussion draws parallels to the well-known reaction between Coca-Cola and Mentos, highlighting the science behind carbonation and nucleation in beverages.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of carbonation and CO2 solubility
  • Basic knowledge of nucleation processes in liquids
  • Familiarity with the composition of Angostura Bitters
  • Concept of solubility and its effects on physical reactions
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  • Research the chemical composition of Angostura Bitters
  • Explore the principles of nucleation in carbonated beverages
  • Investigate the effects of different solutes on CO2 release in liquids
  • Learn about the science behind the Coca-Cola and Mentos reaction
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Food scientists, beverage industry professionals, and anyone interested in the chemistry of carbonation and flavor enhancement in drinks.

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If I add Angostura Bitters to a glass and then add tonic water it fizzes up far faster than tonic alone, at some stages it produces a foam with large (1/4 to 1/2 inch dia), can anyone explain what's happening?
 
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Just a guess because Wikipedia says that angostura bitters are made from a secret recipe. The insoluble spices and such inside provide a sites of nucleation for CO2 bubble formation which causes the fizzing. You can see this effect when putting salt into boiling water, like before throwing in some pasta to cook. Salt is soluble but the first moment after dropping in the salt you will notice fizzing and bubbling being concentrated in the area where the salt went, this effect quickly terminates due to the salt dissolving in the water.

Again, just a guess.
 
Makes me think about coca cola light and menthos.
 

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