Do Animals Play a Role in Evolution?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion explores the potential role of animals and cosmic rays in evolution, focusing on how they might exert selection pressures or contribute to genetic variation. The scope includes theoretical considerations and speculative ideas regarding mutagenesis and radiation effects on organisms.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question whether animals have a role in evolution and if they exert any selection pressure on life on Earth.
  • One participant suggests that animals are mutagenic, implying a definite role in evolution.
  • Another participant proposes that animals could be a source of variation but is uncertain about their role in selection.
  • A participant discusses cosmic rays as a source of mutations, detailing how they can damage DNA and potentially lead to beneficial mutations, though they suspect the overall contribution is small.
  • There is a query about the specifics of cosmic rays and their classification, indicating a need for clarification on which types are relevant.
  • A later reply provides a breakdown of cosmic rays, noting their composition primarily of ionized nuclei, which adds to the technical discussion about their effects.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the role of animals in evolution and the impact of cosmic rays, indicating that multiple competing perspectives remain without consensus.

Contextual Notes

Some claims depend on definitions of mutagenesis and the specific mechanisms of radiation effects, which are not fully resolved in the discussion.

En_lizard
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do they have any role on evolution?
 
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Could you elaborate? In what way do you think they would or could? Would they exert any selection pressure on life on Earth?
 
They're mutagenic, so I'd say yes, definitely.
 
Source of variation for sure. Selection? Dunno, but there are bacteria that can thrive in radiation 10,000 times as strong as what would kill half the humans exposed to it. And there are no such sources known in nature on Earth at present, so maybe.
 
To expand on pattylou's comment:

Cosmic rays are ionising radiation. They will ionise water molecules, which in turn will generate free radicals. The free radicals, in turn, can damage DNA by
a) breaking the backbone of the helix
b) modifying bases
c) removing bases

Clearly, then, cosmic rays have contributed to the generation of mutations, some of which will have been beneficial and will have produced a fitter organism. I suspect that the overall contribution of cosmic rays in generating useful mutations is small.

I am not sure if selfAdjoint is heading there, but the radiation resistance of many bacteria has been used as evidence for pan spermia.
 
Ophiolite said:
Cosmic rays are ionising radiation. They will ionise water molecules, [..]
Exactly which cosmic rays fall into that category?
 
Cosmic rays are composed of mostly ionized nuclei, ~87% protons, ~12% alpha particles, in addition to electrons, neutrinos, and gamma rays.
 

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