Do evanescent waves span a vector space?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the properties of evanescent waves in relation to vector spaces, particularly in the context of wave equations such as Poisson, Laplace, and Schrödinger. Participants explore the completeness and orthogonality of evanescent waves compared to propagating waves, examining definitions and mathematical implications.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether evanescent waves can satisfy the completeness condition, suggesting it seems unlikely.
  • Another participant notes that the definition of evanescent waves and the scalar product used will significantly affect the outcome, proposing that a pre-Hilbert space may arise from these definitions.
  • A specific form of evanescent waves is introduced as Exp[-k x], with both k and x being real.
  • There is a query about whether "real" refers to all real numbers or specifically positive values.
  • A participant raises a concern regarding the lack of symmetry between propagating and evanescent waves, questioning the ability to expand functions in the evanescent wave basis in infinite space.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the definitions and properties of evanescent waves, with no consensus reached on their ability to form a vector space or satisfy completeness conditions.

Contextual Notes

Discussions involve assumptions about the definitions of evanescent waves and the scalar product, as well as the implications of working in finite versus infinite spaces. The mathematical treatment of orthogonality and completeness remains unresolved.

Heirot
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In dealing with Poisson, Laplace, Schrödinger and other wave equations, one has to deal with propagating and evanescent waves. We know all about the propagating waves - orthogonality and completeness relations, but what about evanescent waves? Do they form a vector space with corresponding identities?
 
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I wonder how evanescent waves could satisfy the completeness condition. It seems quite unlikely.
 
That depends on your precise definition of evanescent waves, then on the appropriate definition of the scalar product, which will be rather a different one than the usual one. You will get a pre-Hilbert space and, after the completion - a Hilbert space. Because of the different scalar product - the identities will be different.
 
By evanescent waves, I mean Exp[-k x] with both k and x real.
 
Just "real", or "positive"?
 
For now, I'm going to go with "real". I want to allow all possibilities.
 
Are you in a finite box or in an infinite space? When you say "othogonality" relations for waves, what do you mean by these. Waves are not square integrable in infinite space.
 
I have a problem with the lack of symmetry between propagating and evanescent waves. Propagating waves can be treated in infinite space in the distributional sense, so that they span the "plane wave" basis. Why can't I expand any function on [0, oo> that goes to zero at oo in the evanescent wave basis?
 

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