Does Sign Convention Affect the Lagrangian in Rotational Motion Problems?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the impact of sign convention on the Lagrangian formulation for a rotating cylinder system involving a mass and spring. The potential energy is expressed as U = mgy + 1/2ks^2 when taking downward as positive, and as U = -mgy + 1/2ks^2 when taking downward as negative. The participants conclude that while different sign conventions yield different expressions for potential energy, they do not affect the final equations of motion, provided boundary conditions are applied correctly. The independence of the coordinates y and s is emphasized, confirming that the choice of sign convention does not alter the physical outcomes.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Lagrangian mechanics
  • Familiarity with potential energy concepts
  • Knowledge of rotational motion dynamics
  • Basic principles of spring mechanics
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  • Study the derivation of the Lagrangian for systems with multiple degrees of freedom
  • Explore the implications of sign conventions in classical mechanics
  • Learn about boundary conditions in Lagrangian formulations
  • Investigate the role of potential energy in determining system dynamics
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, mechanical engineers, and researchers focused on classical mechanics, particularly those dealing with rotational motion and Lagrangian dynamics.

rolypoly3000
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1. We have a cylinder of Mass M rotating about its axis. String is wound around it. Other end is connected to a spring. A mass m is attached to the spring.

The problem is to find the Lagrangian. My only issue is with finding the potential energy. The problem asks to use the distance of the mass m from center of axis of cylinder to be 'y' and length of spring to be 's'.

If I take downward positive, I can write,( with U=0 at axis of cylinder) I can write,

U=mgy + 1/2ks^2

But if I take downward negative, U= -mgy+1/2 k s^2

So using two coordinate systems will result in two different end answers for equations of motion.

Any thing wrong in what I am doing
 
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This is just a sign convention and it should not matter in the final answer.
In this case I think that y and s are independent, right? So the equation of motion for y is just m g y'' = 0 in one convention and -m g y'' = 0 in the other, so it doesn't matter. When you are careful with the sign in imposing the boundary conditions, you should be fine.
Also, note that flipping the sign on y also flips the sign on s (so you get a different U, but that's ok - but differentiating you will lose the s^2).

So, to summarize, I don't think there is a problem. If you think there is, maybe you can post some details/
 

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