Does the Integral of this Fourier Transform Converge?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the evaluation of a complex integral related to Fourier transforms, specifically examining the convergence of the integral involving a double integral over a function with singularities. Participants explore different methods and approaches to tackle the integral, including complex function theory and polar coordinates.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Micheal proposes a method using complex function theory to evaluate the integral, detailing steps involving contour integration and the treatment of singularities.
  • Another participant suggests switching to polar coordinates as an alternative approach.
  • Micheal responds that switching to polar coordinates did not yield further progress due to complications with the integration over the angular variable.
  • A participant questions the classification of the integral as a Fourier transform.
  • One participant expresses skepticism about the convergence of the integral, providing an analysis that suggests neither part of the integral converges.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the convergence of the integral, with some suggesting it may not converge while others explore methods to evaluate it. No consensus is reached regarding the convergence or the best approach to evaluate the integral.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the presence of singularities in the integral, which complicate the evaluation and may affect convergence. The discussion includes various assumptions about the behavior of the integrand and the limits of integration.

MichealM
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I'm trying to evaluate the following intergral using complex function theory:
\begin{equation}
\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{e^{i(ap+aq+b\sqrt{k^2-p^2-q^2})}}{\sqrt{k^2-p^2-q^2}}dpdq
\end{equation}I though that it is possible if i can calculate:
\begin{equation}
\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{e^{i(az+b\sqrt{k^2-p^2})}}{\sqrt{k^2-p^2}}dp
\end{equation}

I'm trying to go around the singularity as follows:

1. Substitute p=z to work in the complex plane
2. Move one pole up to k+iγ and after the integration add a limit of γ going to zero and similarly move the other singularity downward.
3. Which results in two contour integrals in the complex plane one around the singularity in the upper plane plus an over the singularity in lower plane.

This enables me to express the integration into the following integral in the complex plane:
\begin{equation}
\lim_{\gamma \rightarrow 0} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{e^{i(ap+b\sqrt{k^2-z^2})}}{\sqrt{k+i \gamma+z}\sqrt{k-i \gamma-z}}dz
\end{equation}

But when I integrate the contour around the singularity I seem to get zero, which isn't right I think.

Kind Regards,
Micheal
 
Last edited:
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I suggest that you switch to polar coordinates.
 


I already tried that and I got

\begin{equation}
\int_{0}^{\infty}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\frac{e^{i(a r\ cos\theta +ar\ sin \theta +b\sqrt{k^2-r^2})}}{\sqrt{k^2-r^2}}r sin \theta drd\theta
\end{equation}
But this doesn’t bring me further, because of the integration over $\theta$... I think
 
How is this a Fourier Transform?
 
I don't think this integral converges. Here's my analysis:
$$
\iint _{\mathbb{R}^2}\!{\frac {{{\rm e}^{i \left( x+y+\sqrt {k-{x
}^{2}-{y}^{2}} \right) }}}{\sqrt {k-{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}}}{dx}{dy}
=\iint_{\mathbb{R}^2}\!{\frac {\cos \left( x+y+\sqrt {k-{x}^{2}-y^2}
\right) }{\sqrt {k^2-{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}}}{dx}{dy}+i\iint_{\mathbb{R}^2}\!{\frac {\sin \left( x+y+\sqrt {k-{x}^{2}-{y}^2}
\right) }{\sqrt {k^2-{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}}}{dx}{dy}.
$$
The neither of the above integrals converge...
 
Last edited:

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