Graduate Eigenstates of ##\phi^4## theory

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The discussion centers on the eigenstates of the ##\phi^4## theory in quantum field theory (QFT) and the challenges in understanding their organization in the nonperturbative regime. Participants express frustration over the lack of rigorous results regarding bound states and the energy dependence of multiparticle eigenstates. There is a particular interest in the relationship between the non-interacting Klein-Gordon vacuum and the interacting vacuum of the ##\phi^4## theory, with questions about their inner product and whether they exist in the same Hilbert space. Some contributors note that while mathematicians have made claims about formulating the theory in dimensions less than four, practical connections to physics remain elusive. Overall, the conversation highlights a significant gap in intuitive understanding and concrete results in this area of QFT.
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What is known about the eigenstates of the ##\phi^4## theory in QFT? Is there an informal understanding of how these states are organized in the nonperturbative regime? For example, are there known to be any bound states in any dimensions? How does the energy of a multiparticle eigenstate (if anything like this exists) depend on its constituent particle momenta? I realize that there are probably no rigorous answers to these questions, however I would like some kind of intuition as this issue has been bothering me for years, thank you.
 
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I tried to find if anything has been written even about the inner product of the non-interacting Klein-Gordon vacuum state with the vacuum of the system with ##\phi^4## interaction turned on, but couldn't find anything. I.e., "how many % of the interacting vacuum is the same as the non-interacting one". Not sure if the two ground states are even defined in the same ##\mathcal{H}##.
 
hilbert2 said:
I tried to find if anything has been written even about the inner product of the non-interacting Klein-Gordon vacuum state with the vacuum of the system with ##\phi^4## interaction turned on, but couldn't find anything. I.e., "how many % of the interacting vacuum is the same as the non-interacting one". Not sure if the two ground states are even defined in the same ##\mathcal{H}##.

Yes I've had the same experience looking for information on non-perturbative ##\phi^4## theory, the mathematicians claim that they've formulated the theory in ##d<4## dimensions but I've never seen a single result that it looks like it has anything to do with physics.
 
Time reversal invariant Hamiltonians must satisfy ##[H,\Theta]=0## where ##\Theta## is time reversal operator. However, in some texts (for example see Many-body Quantum Theory in Condensed Matter Physics an introduction, HENRIK BRUUS and KARSTEN FLENSBERG, Corrected version: 14 January 2016, section 7.1.4) the time reversal invariant condition is introduced as ##H=H^*##. How these two conditions are identical?

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