Electric dipole - derive torque from pot. energy

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on deriving the equation for torque (G) in the context of electric dipoles, specifically from the potential energy equation (U = -p·E). The correct expression for torque is established as G = p × E, derived through the relationship between work and energy change. The participant successfully manipulates the equations to arrive at the final torque expression, confirming the validity of their approach.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric dipoles and their properties
  • Familiarity with vector calculus and cross products
  • Knowledge of potential energy in electric fields
  • Basic principles of electromagnetism
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of torque in electric fields using vector calculus
  • Explore the implications of torque on electric dipole orientation
  • Learn about the applications of electric dipoles in molecular chemistry
  • Investigate the relationship between torque and angular momentum in electromagnetic systems
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism, as well as anyone studying the behavior of electric dipoles in various fields.

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Homework Statement



Derive equation of torque: G = p X E from equation U = -p[itex]\cdot[/itex]E

Homework Equations



G = [itex]\int x \times \rho(x)E dV[/itex]

U = [itex]\int \rho(x)x \cdot \nabla\varphi dV[/itex]


The Attempt at a Solution


I tried to figure how to represent G in a way that better express the nature of the problem. so I figured maybe G = r x F but then got stuck again...
 
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Use the relationship between the work and change of the energy.
 
A shot:

[itex]G = - \frac{\partial U}{\partial\theta}<br /> = - \frac{\partial(-p \cdot E)}{\partial\theta}<br /> = \frac{\partial(pEcos\theta)}{\partial\theta}<br /> = - pEsin\theta<br /> = - p \times E[/itex]


did I get it all-right?
 

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