Electron's Path Through Solenoid's Magnetic Field

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SUMMARY

An electron enters a solenoid with a speed of 800 m/s at a 30° angle to the central axis, within a solenoid carrying a current of 4.2 A and having 8000 turns. The magnetic field inside the solenoid is calculated using the formula B = μ₀in, where μ₀ is the permeability of free space and n is the number of turns per unit length. The number of revolutions made by the electron along its helical path can be determined using the relationship between the pitch of the path and the length of the solenoid, with the pitch being influenced by the parallel component of the electron's velocity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of solenoid magnetic fields (B = μ₀in)
  • Knowledge of the Lorentz force equation (qv × B = mv²/r)
  • Familiarity with helical motion and pitch calculation
  • Basic principles of electromagnetism and electron motion in magnetic fields
NEXT STEPS
  • Calculate the magnetic field strength inside a solenoid using B = μ₀in
  • Learn how to derive the pitch of the helical path of a charged particle in a magnetic field
  • Study the relationship between frequency, time, and the radius of circular motion in magnetic fields
  • Explore the effects of non-uniform magnetic fields on particle trajectories
USEFUL FOR

Students studying electromagnetism, physics educators, and anyone interested in the dynamics of charged particles in magnetic fields.

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Homework Statement



An electron is shot into one end of a solenoid. As it enters the uniform magnetic field within the solenoid, its speed is 800 m/s and its velocity vector makes an angle of 30° with the central axis of the solenoid. The solenoid carries 4.2 A and has 8000 turns along its length. How many revolutions does the electron make along its helical path within the solenoid by the time it emerges from the solenoid's opposite end? (In a real solenoid, where the field is not uniform at the two ends, the number of revolutions would be slightly less than the answer here.)


Homework Equations



[tex]B=\mu_0in[/tex] (For a solenoid)
[tex]qv\times B=\frac{mv^2}{r}[/tex]
# revolutions=length of solenoid/pitch of path

The Attempt at a Solution



I've combined and simplified my first two equations. However, I still have an undefined n (I've been given total # loops rather than loops/unit length) and r floating around. I'm hoping that my third equation will help me out, but I don't know how to calculate pitch; all I know is that pitch is determined by the parallel component of the velocity.

What's the formula for pitch?

My work leading up to my current equation:
[tex]qvB\sin{30^o}=\frac{mv_{\perp}^2}{r}[/tex]
[tex]qv\mu_0in\sin{30^o}=\frac{mv^2\sin^2{30^o}}{r}[/tex]
[tex]e\mu_0in=\frac{mv\sin{30^o}}{r}[/tex]
 
Last edited:
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Some further thoughts (over dinner, no less!)

solenoid's length = (v_parallel)(t)
n = N/length = 8000/(v cos30)(t)

total revolutions = (frequency)(time) = (2pi r)(t)/(v cos30)


So I now I need time rather than length...

edit: (frequency)(time) = [(v*cos30)/(2*pi*r)]*t
 
Last edited:
Another edit to last post: that should be sin30 rather than cos 30.

But no matter! My professor told me how to combine my two eqations so the radii magically cancel (no time necessary, solve one of my earlier equations for L).

JOY! JUBILATION! Why is there no emoticon that sings and dances for the sheer joy of life?
 
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