Embedded systems encompass both hardware and software components, and gaining expertise in this field is best achieved through hands-on experience. Recommended learning includes completing projects that involve selecting a CPU, integrating flash and RAM, and successfully running a program that communicates via a serial port. Mastery in embedded systems also requires proficiency in the C programming language and understanding software architecture. For further reading, books by Jack Ganssle are suggested, along with exploring course structures from various universities that focus on embedded systems.