Equations of Motion for an Object Falling in a Parabolic Bowl

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The discussion centers on deriving the equations of motion for an object falling in a parabolic bowl defined by the equation y=x^2, under the influence of gravity and without friction. Participants suggest using conservation of energy to relate speed and position, leading to the expression for velocity as a function of position. The conversation reveals the complexity of integrating these equations, resulting in elliptic integrals that complicate the motion analysis. Key insights include the relationship between velocity components and the resulting motion, with the final equations indicating that the period of oscillation depends on the bowl's dimensions. The discussion concludes with a numerical approximation for the period of oscillation based on different bowl sizes.
  • #31
Binaryburst said:
It is right. That's what I got too... That's just v*cos(theta). It results that v is equal to f(x).

Now try writing x(t). :)
 
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  • #32
In the consevation of Energy formula you got the speed with respect to the height only which is x^2 so we actually got vx :~> when you replace y with x^2 and vy when you leave y unchanged. PS: I'm not an expert either. :D
 
  • #33
Binaryburst said:
In the consevation of Energy formula you got the speed with respect to the height only which is x^2 so we actually got vy :~>

Nope. I don't think so.
 
  • #34
I did a simulation with vx and it matched the sinusoidal, it seems. Any help from the experts?
 
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  • #35
Where do you consider the motion along the bowl? It will lead to accelerations both in vx and vy, to follow the shape.I'll try to start from scratch - with energy conservation, but it is possible to avoid this word if necessary.

If the object is at rest at position ##x_0>0##, it has a total energy of ##gx_0^2##, setting its mass and a meter to 1.
At position x, ##0<x<x_0##, energy conservation leads to ##v^2=2g(x_0^2-x^2)##.
The derivative of the parabola there is 2x, therefore ##v_x=\frac{1}{2x}v_y##. It follows that ##v^2 = v_x^2 + v_y^2 = v_x^2 (1+4x^2)##. Combining both,
$$\frac{dx}{dt}= v_x = \sqrt{\frac{v^2}{1+4x^2}} = \sqrt{\frac{2g(x_0^2-x^2)}{1+4x^2}}$$
The sign is arbitrary and depends on the current part of the oscillation.
This leads to ugly elliptic integrals. It can be written as
$$\frac{dt}{dx}=\sqrt{\frac{1+4x^2}{2g(x_0^2-x^2)}}$$
While this gives elliptic integrals as well, it allows to determine t(x) via numerical integration.

g=10 and x0=1 leads to a period of T=2.36s.
For large x0 (>>1), most of the parabola is like a free fall, and the period should approach 4 times this free-fall time. As an example, x=sqrt(500) leads to T=40.06, whereas a free fall would give T=40s.
For small x0 (<<1), the deflection of the bowl is negligible, and we get a harmonic oscillator. The numerator for dt/dx can be approximated as 1, and the period approaches ##T \approx \frac{2\pi}{\sqrt{2g}}##.
 
  • #36
Thank you! At last :D
 

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