Richard Feynman discussed the foundations of arithmetic, potentially drawing from Peano's axioms, in a way that connects basic principles to arithmetic operations. A passage in "Second Philosophy: A Naturalistic Approach" mentions Feynman in relation to causal theories but may misattribute his ideas. The discussion references Feynman's lectures at Cornell, highlighting his engaging style and humor. Participants speculate about Feynman's explanation of arithmetic, recalling a lecture that traced concepts from sets and natural numbers to operations like addition and multiplication. The Feynman Lectures on Physics, particularly chapter 22, may contain relevant insights on this topic.