Finding the Distance b/w Particles in Gravitational Field

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the distance between two particles in a uniform gravitational field, given their initial velocities of 3 m/sec and 4 m/sec moving in opposite directions. The velocities are expressed as functions of time, leading to the angles θ1 and θ2 with respect to the vertical. The key equation derived is tan^-1(4.9t/3) + tan^-1(4.9t/4) = π/2, which indicates the moment when the velocity vectors become perpendicular. The approach utilizes projectile motion equations to find the distance between the particles at this critical moment.

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  • Understanding of projectile motion equations
  • Knowledge of vector mathematics and angles
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions and their applications
  • Basic principles of gravitational fields and acceleration
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  • Study the derivation of projectile motion equations in detail
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vaishakh
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See this question. Two particles are moving in a uniform gravitational field with an acceleration g. at the initial moment, the particles were located at one point and moved with velocities v1 = 3m/sec and v2 = 4m/sec horizontally in opposite directions. Find the distance between the particles at the moment when their velocity vectors become mutually perpendicular to each other.
I wrote the velocity of the particles as a function of time. Let i be a unit vector horizontally j be a unit vector vertically.
Thus v1(t) = 3ti - 4.9t^2j and v2(t) = -4ti - 4.9t^2j.
Then I expressed theta1 and theta2, the angles made by the velocity vector of the particle with the vertical. There theta1(t) = tan^-1(4.9t/3) and theta2 = tan^-1(4.9t/4). Since the angle became 90deg, we can write the equation,
Tan^-1(4.9t/3) + tan^-1(4.9t/4) = pi/2.
Therefore 4.9t/3 = 4/4.9t. Therefore t^2 = 2^1/2 approx.
The rest of the work is normal and can be solved just using projectile equations. But I want to know whether my approach to the problem is good or whether there is another better approach. The doubt is because this is the first time I am using such a method and it is totally new to me. I hope the method is correct.
 
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It for the angle between the vectors. What happens to the dot product of two vectors when the angle between them is 90°?
 
if the two velocity vectors are perpendicular and one is making angle theeta with downward vertical the other will make an angle 90 - theeta with downwaed vertical. hence if for first tan theeta = 3/gt for the other cot theeta = 4/gt gives g^2*t^2 = 12 may get time easily.
 

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