Finding the generator of a transformation

In summary, the given transformation to ##\bar{x}, \bar{p}## is canonical and the generator of this transformation is ##g(x,p) = \frac12 x^2 + \frac12 p^2##, which is essentially the Hamiltonian. This is verified by the differential equations for the generator.
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Dazed&Confused
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Homework Statement


Consider ##\mathscr{H} = \frac12 p^2 + \frac12 x^2, ## which is invariant under infinitesimal rotations in phase space ( the ##x-p## plane). Find the generator of this transformation (after verifying that it is canonical).

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



So the transformation to ##\bar{x}, \ \bar{p}## is
$$\bar{p} = p - \epsilon x, \ \bar{x} = p \epsilon + x$$.
This is canonical as clearly ##\{ \bar{x}, \bar{x} \} = \{ \bar{p}, \bar{p} \} = 0## and $$\{\bar{x},\bar{p} \} = 1 \times 1 +\epsilon \epsilon = 1$$
if we work only to first order in ##\epsilon##.

The differential equations for the generator ##g## are
$$ \frac{\partial g}{\partial x} = x, \ \frac{\partial g}{\partial p} = p.$$

Thus ##g(x,p) = \frac12 x^2 + \frac12 p^2 + C.##

This seems to make sense, but I'm not sure if this is correct.
 
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  • #2
I think it's correct. So, the generating function is essentially the Hamiltonian in this case (no need to keep ##C##). That should make sense if you think about the phase space trajectories for this system.
 
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FAQ: Finding the generator of a transformation

1. What is the concept of a "generator" in relation to a transformation?

A generator is a mathematical object that can produce all the elements of a transformation group through repeated application. It serves as a building block for more complex transformations.

2. How can one find the generator of a given transformation?

To find the generator, one can start by identifying the basic elements or operations that make up the transformation. These elements can then be combined in different ways to create the full range of transformations in the group.

3. Is there a general method for finding the generator of any transformation?

Yes, there is a general method called the "Cayley-Hamilton theorem" that can be used to find the generator of any transformation. It involves solving a system of equations to determine the basic elements of the transformation.

4. Can a transformation have more than one generator?

Yes, a transformation can have multiple generators. This is because there can be different combinations of basic elements that can produce the same set of transformations.

5. How is finding the generator of a transformation useful in mathematics and science?

Finding the generator of a transformation is useful in a wide range of mathematical and scientific applications. It allows for the understanding and manipulation of complex systems, such as in group theory and quantum mechanics. It also has practical applications in fields like computer graphics and cryptography.

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