Finite element method approximation

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    Finite element method
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The discussion focuses on the finite element method (FEM) using linear quadrilateral elements for spatial approximation. It highlights the mapping process from the reference element domain, which appears square, to the spatial element domain, emphasizing the role of basis functions in defining the quadrilateral shape. There is uncertainty regarding whether the approximated spatial coordinates represent an average of individual node coordinates. The conversation seeks clarification on these concepts to enhance understanding of the FEM process. Overall, the exchange aims to clarify the relationship between reference and spatial elements in FEM.
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In the picture above, we have on the left a figure representing spatial element, and on the right a figure representing reference element.

The type of element used in the method here is a linear quadrilateral element.

What I understand is moving or mapping from the reference element domain ##\Omega^R## where it seems that the quadrilateral element looks square; I don't understand why it is a square, to the spatial element domain ##\Omega^e##, we use with such mapping the basis functions.

I think the basis functions ##N## is what is giving us the quadrilateral shape?

For approximating spatial coordinates, ##x_i## at ##\Omega^e## is approximated by the summation over the nodal values ##x_i^k##, (here ##k## symbolizes node and ##i## symbolizes direction), I'm not sure if ##x_i## will be the average coordinate of the individual element since we're summing over the coordinates of each node.

Clarification is appreciated. Thank you.
 
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