First order perturbation for hydrogen

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around first order perturbation theory applied to the hydrogen atom, specifically examining a modified Coulomb potential energy due to deviations at very small distances. Participants are tasked with identifying the perturbation and calculating the first order energy correction for the ground state.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the specification of the perturbation and the calculation of the first order correction. There is an exploration of the implications of the small parameter b relative to r and the use of Taylor series for simplification.

Discussion Status

Some participants express uncertainty about their initial attempts and seek clarification on the integration process. There is a recognition of the need to reconsider the exponential terms in the calculations, and a suggestion to apply a Taylor series expansion is noted as a potential approach.

Contextual Notes

Participants are working under the assumption that b is much smaller than other relevant parameters, which influences their calculations and reasoning. There is also a mention of homework constraints that may limit the methods available for solving the problem.

bobred
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Homework Statement


Assume that there is a deviation from Coulomb’s law at very small distances, the Coulomb potential energy between an electron and proton is given by

V_{mod}(r)=\begin{cases}<br /> -\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}}\frac{b}{r^{2}} &amp; 0&lt;r\leq b\\<br /> -\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}}\frac{1}{r} &amp; r&gt;b<br /> \end{cases}

(a) Specify the perturbation
(b) Find the first order correction for the ground state
(c) Show that the answer in (b) can be approximated by
E_{1}^{(1)}\approx-\frac{4b^2}{a_0^2}E_R where E_R=\frac{e^{2}}{8\pi\varepsilon_{0}a_0} is the Rydberg energy.

Homework Equations


\psi_0=\frac{2}{a_0^{3/2}}e^{-r/a_0}

E_{1}^{(1)}=\int_{0}^{b}\left| \psi_0 \right|^2 \delta\hat{\textrm{H}} r^2\,\textrm{d}r

b \ll r

The Attempt at a Solution


(a) \delta\hat{\textrm{H}}=-\dfrac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}}\left(\dfrac{b}{r^{2}}-\dfrac{1}{r}\right)

so with b \ll r we have e^{-2b/a_0}\approx 1
(b)
E_{1}^{(1)}=\dfrac{e^2 b}{2\pi \varepsilon_{0}a_0^2}

I think the above is correct, I just can't see how to get part (c).
 
Last edited:
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Sorry, I was stupid I have it now.
 
bobred said:
Sorry, I was stupid I have it now.

Hi, what had you done wrong initially?
 
I found the first order perturbation which included the exponential terms. To get part c what I should have done was to set the exponential to unity then perform the integration. So part b should have included the exponential terms.
A better way I feel is to note that b/a_0 &lt;&lt;1 then take a 2nd order Taylor series and insert this into the integral in b.
 
Last edited:

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