Fresnel Equations for the Power of Reflectance and Transmittance

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on verifying the Fresnel equations for reflectance (R) and transmittance (T) of both S-polarized and P-polarized light, specifically the relationships R + T = 1. The user initially sought assistance in confirming these equations through mathematical proof. Ultimately, they resolved the issue by employing trigonometric substitutions, demonstrating that both the numerator and denominator of the derived equations simplify to the same expression, confirming the validity of the equations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Fresnel equations for reflectance and transmittance
  • Knowledge of S-polarized and P-polarized light behavior
  • Familiarity with trigonometric identities and substitutions
  • Basic principles of optics and light propagation
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  • Study the derivation of Fresnel equations for different polarization states
  • Learn advanced trigonometric identities and their applications in optics
  • Explore numerical methods for validating optical equations
  • Investigate practical applications of reflectance and transmittance in optical devices
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Athenian
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Homework Statement
Check for ##R + T = 1## for both S-polarized and P-polarized light.
Relevant Equations
S-polarized Light
$$R_s + T_s = 1 \Longrightarrow \frac{sin^2 (\theta_t - \theta_i)}{sin^2 (\theta_t + \theta_i)} + \frac{sin(2\theta_i) sin(2\theta_t)}{sin^2 (\theta_t + \theta_i)} = 1$$

P-polarized light
$$R_p + T_p = 1 \Longrightarrow \frac{tan^2 (\theta_t - \theta_i)}{tan^2 (\theta_t + \theta_i)} + \frac{sin(2\theta_i) sin(2 \theta_t)}{sin^2 (\theta_t + \theta_i) cos^2 (\theta_i - \theta_t)} = 1$$
I understand that the power of reflectance and the power of transmittance (regardless of it being S-polarized or P-polarized light), when added together, would equal to one. In other words, ##R+T=1##. However, how do I go about checking for this fact?

Using the equations from the "Relevant Equations" above, I find that ##R_s + T_s = 1## or ##\frac{sin^2 (\theta_t - \theta_i)}{sin^2 (\theta_t + \theta_i)} + \frac{sin(2\theta_i) sin(2\theta_t)}{sin^2 (\theta_t + \theta_i)} = 1##. Now, how do check if this is indeed true rather than simply believing it to be true without checking?

Similarly, I know that ##R_p + T_p = 1## (for P-polarized light). And, I also know that through expanding the equation that ##\frac{tan^2 (\theta_t - \theta_i)}{tan^2 (\theta_t + \theta_i)} + \frac{sin(2\theta_i) sin(2 \theta_t)}{sin^2 (\theta_t + \theta_i) cos^2 (\theta_i - \theta_t)} = 1##. Likewise, though, how do I check and confirm this as true?

Any assistance and hints to help me understand how to go about solving this question would be greatly appreciated. Thank you for reading this post!
 
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Never mind. I was able to finally solve this. To make a long calculation process simplified with a couple of words, the process involved A LOT of trig substitutions or finding alternate forms of a trig expression. In the end, one would find that both the numerator and the denominator contain the same expression, thus equalling to 1.
 

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