MHB Generalization of Banach contraction principle

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In a complete metric space (X, d), a function f:X→X has a unique fixed point if it satisfies the condition d(fx, fy) ≤ β(d(x, y))d(x, y), where β is a decreasing function mapping from ℝ⁺ to [0, 1). This condition generalizes the Banach contraction principle, which requires a constant contraction factor c in the range [0, 1). The discussion confirms that by setting β(t) = c, the original Banach principle is recovered, but the generalization allows for more flexibility in the function β. The consensus is that this broader mapping still guarantees the existence of fixed points under relaxed conditions.
ozkan12
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Let $\left(X,d\right)$ be a complete metric space and suppose that $f:X\to X$ satisfies

$d\left(fx,fy\right)\le\beta\left(d\left(x,y\right)\right)d\left(x,y\right)$ for all x,y $\in$ X where $\beta$ is a decreasing function on ${R}^{+}$ to $[0,1)$. Then $f$ has a unique fixed point.

The mapping $d\left(fx,fy\right)\le\beta\left(d\left(x,y\right)\right)d\left(x,y\right)$ more general than banach contraction...How this happens ? In my opinion, If we take $\beta\left(t\right)=c$, $c\in [0,1)$ we get banach principle...İs this true ? Can you help me ? Thank you for your attention...Best wishes...
 
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ozkan12 said:
Let $\left(X,d\right)$ be a complete metric space and suppose that $f:X\to X$ satisfies

$d\left(fx,fy\right)\le\beta\left(d\left(x,y\right)\right)d\left(x,y\right)$ for all x,y $\in$ X where $\beta$ is a decreasing function on ${R}^{+}$ to $[0,1)$. Then $f$ has a unique fixed point.

The mapping $d\left(fx,fy\right)\le\beta\left(d\left(x,y\right)\right)d\left(x,y\right)$ more general than banach contraction...How this happens?

A mathematician somewhere wanted to know if he could generalize the Banach Fixed Point Theorem - still get guaranteed fixed points while relaxing the hypotheses of the theorem.

In my opinion, If we take $\beta\left(t\right)=c$, $c\in [0,1)$ we get banach principle...İs this true?

Yes - so $d\left(fx,fy\right)\le\beta\left(d\left(x,y\right)\right)d\left(x,y\right)$ is more general than a contraction, because $\beta(t)$ wouldn't need to be constant, necessarily.
 
We all know the definition of n-dimensional topological manifold uses open sets and homeomorphisms onto the image as open set in ##\mathbb R^n##. It should be possible to reformulate the definition of n-dimensional topological manifold using closed sets on the manifold's topology and on ##\mathbb R^n## ? I'm positive for this. Perhaps the definition of smooth manifold would be problematic, though.

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