B Gun Recoil: Will Wall Impact Momentum & Velocity?

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Firing a gun against an immovable wall can theoretically increase the bullet's velocity due to the conservation of momentum, as the gun's recoil is effectively transferred to the wall. The speed of sound in the gun's materials and propellant gases plays a crucial role in determining how quickly the wall's effect can influence the bullet. If the gun is restrained, the bullet can receive more energy from the expanding gases, potentially doubling its velocity compared to a free-recoiling scenario. However, energy losses due to heat and shock waves must be considered, which complicates precise calculations. Ultimately, measuring bullet velocity under different grip strengths may provide a more straightforward assessment of these effects.
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RobRobinette said:
I used QuickLOAD, an internal ballistics calculator, to calculate some in-barrel bullet speeds. For a 357 Magnum pistol with a 4 inch barrel firing a 180 grain bullet, the bullet is going 200 ms at 2 inches down the barrel and 291 ms at the 4" muzzle. I googled the speed of sound through metal at 5960 ms.

It appears the shock wave through the metal frame will be almost instantaneous so I'm thinking the bullet's velocity will be affected, but by how much?
Keep in mind that the total momentum has to include the gas leaving the barrel. The Lyman reloading book has the estimate in their equations and you can also find it with a web search. It is common for the gas to add 20% to the momentum.
 
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