Help on reading ephemeris in HJD(TT)

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on determining the optimal night in 2014 to observe the transit of the exoplanet orbiting star HD209458, based on the ephemeris HJD(TT) 2453344.768245 + 3.52474859 E. The HJD(TT) value indicates a specific mid-transit time, while the periodicity of approximately 3.5 days suggests multiple transit opportunities. To identify the best observation night from the William Herschel Telescope in La Palma, calculating the altitude of the star at mid-transit is essential, as the highest altitude provides the best viewing conditions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of HJD (Heliocentric Julian Date) and its application in astronomy
  • Familiarity with exoplanet transit methods and periodicity
  • Basic knowledge of celestial navigation and star altitude calculations
  • Experience with astronomical observation techniques and equipment
NEXT STEPS
  • Research methods for calculating star altitude at specific times using software tools
  • Learn about HJD(TT) and its significance in timing astronomical events
  • Explore the use of ephemeris data in predicting exoplanet transits
  • Investigate observational strategies for maximizing transit visibility from specific locations
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Astronomers, astrophysics students, and amateur astronomers interested in exoplanet observations and transit timing methodologies will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement



The star HD209458 has an orbiting planet. The planet has a transit with ephemeris
HJD(TT) 2453344.768245 + 3.52474859 E

I wish to view the transit of the planet from the WHT (William Herschel Telescope) in La Palma.
On which night in 2014 is the transit best observed?
What is the precise UTC of the mid-transit?



Homework Equations



None that I can think of (Except perhaps equations that convert units)


The Attempt at a Solution



I'm new to this terminology, and can't find any resources online that go into any detail. The planet transits with a regular period of course, and I believe the format of the above expression of the time of mid-transit is intended to convey this somehow. I had thought that the HJD(TT) 2453344.768245 part referred to a date (which it does, sometime in 2004) and the 3.52474859 E part indicates the periodicity, ie that the planet transits every ~3.5 days (in HJD(TT)), but if this is the case, there will be many nights on which the transit can be observed. Could anybody enlighten me on the correct way to read the ephemeris?
 
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You are doing it correctly, and you are right that there are many times that the transit occurs. However, some will be in the daytime, and some will be when the star is below the horizon or low in the sky. You are asked to find which one is best situated for viewing from La Palma. One way might be to calculate the altitude of the star at mid-transit. The best one might be when the star is highest above the horizon.
 

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