History of Mathematical Symbols

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the historical rivalry between Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz regarding the development of calculus notation, specifically the derivative symbols df/dx and f'. Participants highlight the passionate debates over mathematical symbols such as Δ, δ, d, D, and ∂, which reflect the intense competition among mathematicians of the time. The conversation also touches on the cultural significance of mathematics and physics, likening the public's interest in these fields to modern sports fandom. References to historical texts, including Ludovico Geymonat's "Storia e filosofia dell'analisi infinitesimale," provide context for these discussions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of calculus concepts, specifically derivatives.
  • Familiarity with historical figures in mathematics, particularly Newton and Leibniz.
  • Knowledge of mathematical notation and symbols used in calculus.
  • Awareness of the cultural impact of mathematics and physics in historical contexts.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the historical context of the Newton-Leibniz calculus dispute.
  • Explore the evolution of mathematical notation in calculus.
  • Study the cultural significance of mathematicians in the 17th and 18th centuries.
  • Read Ludovico Geymonat's "Storia e filosofia dell'analisi infinitesimale" for deeper insights into calculus history.
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, historians of science, educators, and anyone interested in the evolution of mathematical symbols and the cultural history of mathematics.

observer1
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Hello

I VAGUELY recall reading somewhere (in the history of math), that there were intense and emotional (almost physical) arguments over who would use (claim?) what letter for what purpose in calculus: Δ δ d D ∂

Is this true? Can someone provide a reference? (I could be mistaken.)

(My intent is not to disparage masculinity, but to respond to those who do. My feeling is that such arguments, while ostensibly trivial, reveal a passion. And it is this passion that is not being taught today. And we are sorely missing a middle ground between what is an absurd reaction and what is a passion. However, my memory of this issue could be completely erroneous.)
 
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I don't know how "heated" it was but there was a rivalry between Newton and Leibniz over who had first come up with the Calculus and included the notation for the derivative: whether df/dx (Leibniz) or f' (Newton). Since one was French and the other English, it may have been very heated!
 
HallsofIvy said:
Since one was French and the other English, it may have been very heated!
Leibniz did write in French (among other languagues) but he was still German. Probably this did not make the rivalry any less heated, though.
 
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Back then, physics and math were inseparable and physicists were the "rock stars" of the day. Lectures were sold out even though people had to pay admission. The competition between mathematicians were followed by the general public like sports events.
 
FactChecker said:
Back then, physics and math were inseparable and physicists were the "rock stars" of the day. Lectures were sold out even though people had to pay admission. The competition between mathematicians were followed by the general public like sports events

One wonders where the world went wrong.
 
I have a copy of an old journal in which Kronecker reviewed someone's article. 'PC' was definitely not an issue in former times.
 
Newton used the dot notation ## \dot{f}## for the derivative of ##f##, see " Storia e filosofia dell'analisi infinitesimale " of Ludovico Geymonat (I don't know if there is an english version, may be ...)
 
UncertaintyAjay said:
One wonders where the world went wrong.
Who says it did? From "The Big Bang Theory":
Raj: Today, Physicists are like Rock Stars.
Howard: Only without the sex.
Raj: Yeah, literally none of it.
 

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