The discussion centers on the existence of the sodium anion, commonly referred to as the alkalide. While sodium typically loses an electron to form a cation (Na+), research indicates that under specific conditions, sodium can gain an electron to form Na-. This anion is rare and primarily exists in certain compounds or environments, such as in metal clusters or when sodium is combined with highly electronegative elements. The formation of the sodium anion involves unique chemical reactions that allow for the stabilization of the extra electron, which is not typical for sodium in standard conditions. The reference to research papers highlights ongoing scientific interest in the properties and applications of alkalides.