How can I use the Newton Method to find the eccentric anomaly for Mars?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on using the Newton Method to compute the Eccentric Anomaly (E) from the Mean Anomaly (M) for Mars in a C++ program. The correct formulation of Kepler's equation is established as M = E - e*sin(E). The Newton Method is applied with the iterative formula E_{n+1} = E_{n} - f(E)/f'(E), where f(E) = E - e*sin(E) - M and f'(E) = 1 - e*cos(E). The iterations continue until the convergence criterion, |f(E)/f'(E)| < 0.00001, is met.

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  • Understanding of Kepler's laws of planetary motion
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  • Knowledge of orbital mechanics, specifically eccentricity and true anomaly
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  • Implement the Newton Method in C++ for solving Kepler's equation
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So I'm in need of some more help for my astronomy class again.
My professor wants us to write a program that outputs a table with the distance of Mars from the sun (r) and it's true anomaly. The problem is that i need to compute the Eccentric Anomaly (E) from the Mean Anomaly (M). Kepler's equation is E = M + εsin(E), but I can't get it down in terms of E. Seeing as how I'm using c++, it is kind of a necessity. One website seemed to have an equation involving Einitial and Efinals, but it didn't do me any good. Is the idea to set the original Einitial equal to 0 at t=0 (the perihelion point) and find E final in terms of that? At the end of each iteration (I'm running a while loop) the Eintial of the next iteration would be set to the Efinal of the current loop. Anybody got any ideas? Thanks
 
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The correct equation is M = E - e*sin(E)

Solve using the Newton Method:

E_{n+1} = E_{n} - \frac{f(E)}{f&#039;(E)}
where f(E) = E - e * sin(E) - M
and f'(E) = 1 - e * cos(E)

Loop the above equations until:
\frac{f(E)}{f&#039;(E)} &lt; 0.00001Or some substantially low number not zero.

Also,r = \frac{a * (1 - e ^ 2)}{(1 + e * cos(TA))}
where TA - True Anomaly
and a - Semi-Major Axis of Mars
 
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