How do I normalise my data to a maximum of 100?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the normalization of a dataset representing counts at various angles, with the goal of scaling the maximum value to 100. Participants explore methods for normalization, the implications of averaging data, and the characteristics of the underlying data distribution.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks guidance on normalizing their data to a maximum of 100, mentioning they have the mean and standard deviation for each count.
  • Another participant cautions against dividing all observations by a single value, suggesting that it could misrepresent the data and potentially include outliers.
  • A participant clarifies that the data consists of counts measured at specific angles and expresses the intention to normalize these counts to facilitate comparison.
  • There is a suggestion to consider the purpose of normalizing to 100 and questions about the accuracy of angle determination.
  • Participants discuss the implications of averaging measurements and the significance of error bars in the context of the data's distribution.
  • One participant notes that the data fits a Gaussian curve and mentions the need to account for background and other parameters in the normalization process.
  • There is a question regarding the relationship between counts measured over different time intervals and how to make them comparable through normalization.
  • A participant expresses confusion about the normalization of counts per second, suggesting that it should be derived from counts over a specified time period.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the appropriate method for normalization and the implications of averaging data. The discussion remains unresolved, with multiple competing perspectives on how to proceed.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight potential limitations in the data, including the presence of outliers, the accuracy of angle measurements, and the need for a clear model for the data distribution. There are unresolved questions regarding the normalization ratio and how to handle different measurement intervals.

Who May Find This Useful

Researchers and practitioners involved in data analysis, particularly in fields requiring normalization of experimental data, may find this discussion relevant.

says
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I have this set of data (in the attached image) and I'm trying to normalize the counts at each angle to a maximum of 100. I'm not sure how to do it though. Any tips would be much appreciated.

I have the mean and std dev for each count at each angle. I don't really know what to do from here though...
 

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You should have a very good reason to divide all observations by 1451 (which does what you say you want to do). Such an action mixes up all 33 observations with one single result (that has an error of itself and on top of that appears to deviate from the pattern -- an outlier candidate !).

upload_2017-5-7_11-13-43.png


Could you tell us a little more ?
 
The data represents the number of counts at each angle. So at 175 degrees we measured counts of 1314, 1368, and 1420.

I've taken the mean of the counts and then plotted the angle vs. mean counts. I want to normalize this to a maximum of 100 though
 

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Aha, there's a bit more data and what you are trying to do is fit a peak in some spectrum ?
Could you explain why you need the 100 maximum ?
More questions: how accurate is your angle determination ?

By averaging you effectively add up the individual measurements. Left figure is average with error bars from (only) three measurements. Right figure is sum with error bars from Poisson statistics (##\sigma=\sqrt(N)##).
upload_2017-5-7_11-45-34.png
upload_2017-5-7_11-45-57.png


The red error bars are not very meaningful: the relative error in a standard deviation from N=3 is huge (theoretically ##1/\sqrt{N-1\ }## but that is for N >> 1).
The blue error bars are simply ##\sqrt N## where now N is the number of counts, so all are 64. A linear relationship easily catches 10 out of 11 measurements -- but that was before you showed a wider range of angles. So: forget the linear trend line (you 'wrong-footed' us by only showing a small part of the data :wink:).

Now a core question: do you have a 'model' line shape ? A theoretical expectation like a gaussian or a lorentzian ?
 

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Sorry, I didn't realize I'd cropped my image of the data incorrectly. I've attached the rest of it to the image below. The data fits a gaussian curve.

One of my count rates was for 10 seconds. The other was measured in counts per second. If I can normalise both to a maximum of 100 i can compare and contrast both results.
 

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says said:
The data fits a gaussian curve
Don't forget the background ... So you have four parameters to adjust: ##\bar x, \ \sigma,\ ## N and C (peak height and background).
says said:
One of my count rates was for 10 seconds. The other was measured in counts per second
Counts1, 2 and 3 seem to be alike; are they the 10 second period counts ? Counts per second was measured how, precisely (if also over 10 seconds, no problem :smile:)
 
Yes, counts 1,2, and 3 were all the 10 second period counts.

The counts per second data is not present. I was just hoping to normalize the data I have and then do it with the other data.
 
Don't understand. Counts per second should be counts per 10 seconds divided by 10, so doesn't that make them comparable?

Otherwise, you are simply left with an extra unknown parameter: some normalization ratio
 

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