Missiles reenter Earth's atmosphere at steep angles, allowing them to land close to their launch sites, unlike the space shuttle, which requires a precise angle for safe landing. Ballistic missiles ascend to high altitudes to test their range, and while they follow a ballistic trajectory during descent, they are guided during launch and initial ascent. The discussion highlights the distinction between missiles and rockets, noting that missiles are guided munitions, while rockets can be unguided. The conversation also touches on the implications of missile tests for military strategy and the challenges of targeting, including the effects of Earth's rotation. Overall, the technical aspects of missile reentry and trajectory are crucial for understanding their operational capabilities.