How Do Raman and Brillouin Scattering Differ at the Atomic Level?

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SUMMARY

Raman Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (ROTD) and Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR) are two types of distributed sensors utilizing Raman and Brillouin scattering, respectively. Raman scattering occurs at much higher frequencies (THz) compared to Brillouin scattering (GHz), with the primary distinction being their measurement techniques: Raman measures intensity changes while Brillouin measures frequency shifts. Both scattering types are inelastic, producing light at different wavelengths than the incident light, unlike elastic Rayleigh scattering. The atomic-level differences between these mechanisms remain unclear, prompting further investigation into their fundamental principles.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of inelastic scattering phenomena
  • Familiarity with optical fiber sensor technology
  • Knowledge of frequency measurement techniques
  • Basic principles of light-matter interaction
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of Raman scattering in optical fibers
  • Explore Brillouin scattering mechanisms in detail
  • Study the differences in measurement techniques for ROTDR and BOTDR
  • Investigate applications of distributed fiber sensors in smart structures
USEFUL FOR

Researchers in optical fiber technology, engineers working with smart structures, and anyone interested in the principles of Raman and Brillouin scattering in sensor applications.

optrix
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I am researching smart structures using optical fibre based sensors. One type used is distributed sensors of which there are two main kinds: ROTDR (Raman Optical time domain reflectometer) and BOTDR (Brillouin Optical time domain reflectometer). The former is based on Raman scattering within the fiber, and the latter is based on Brillouin scattering within the fiber.

Both types of scattering are inelastic, producing scattered light of a different wavelength to the incident light, as opposed to Rayleigh scattering which is eleastic.

From what I understand Raman scattered light is scattered at different (much higher THzs) frequency than Brillouin scattered light (GHzs), and the main difference between the two types is simply the way they are measured...Raman scattering schemes measure an intensity change in the back scattered light, while Brillouin scattering schemes measure a frequency shift in the back scattered light.

If they scatter within different frequency bands, and are measured in such different ways, there must be an explanation of how the two different mechanisms are different at an atomic/molecular scale...however I cannot find a reason why.
 
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Since this is posted at 2010, have you found the answer to this question? I still can't find how ROTDR and BOTDR mechanism really work
 

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