How Do Tire Width and Diameter Affect Vehicle Performance?

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pukb
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I would like to know what effect does tire width and tire diameter has on performance or overall efficiency of a vehicle.
 
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To know the effects of tire width and diameter on performance and efficiency of vehicles I suggest a look at tires on various types of vehicles:

1. Formula One racing vehicle
2. Land speed record vehicle
3. Dragster vehicle
4. Solar powered vehicle
5. Passenger car vehicle
6. Agricultural tractor vehicle
7. Strip mining ore-carrying truck vehicle

What are the differences in tire width and diameter on these vehicles? Why do you think those tire widths and diameters chosen?