How Do You Calculate the pH of a 8.57x10^-10M HNO3 Solution?

  • Thread starter Thread starter erjkism
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Ph
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the pH of a 8.57x10-10M HNO3 solution, focusing on the complexities introduced by the low concentration of the acid and the need to consider equilibrium effects. It encompasses homework-related queries and technical reasoning regarding acid dissociation and hydronium ion concentration.

Discussion Character

  • Homework-related
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that the hydronium ion concentration should be the sum of the concentration from nitric acid and the concentration from water, leading to a calculated pH of 6.99.
  • Another participant questions the validity of the initial calculation, noting that a pH above 7 is incorrect for an acid solution.
  • A different participant asserts that the presence of nitric acid will result in a pH below 7, emphasizing the need to consider both the dissociation of water and the acid.
  • One participant explains that the dissociation of water produces equal concentrations of H3O+ and OH-, and suggests using these to find the equilibrium constant (Kw) to solve for pH.
  • Another participant states that the conventional pH calculation method is not applicable for concentrations below 10-6 M, indicating that equilibrium must be considered in such cases.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express disagreement regarding the correct approach to calculating the pH, with some asserting the need for equilibrium considerations while others present differing views on the contributions of hydronium ions from both the acid and water.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the assumption that the dissociation of water can be neglected at higher concentrations, and the unresolved mathematical steps involved in applying equilibrium principles to this specific concentration of nitric acid.

erjkism
Messages
54
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


I have to find the pH of a 8.57x10-10M HNO3 solution.

Homework Equations


HNO3 + H20 <--> H3O+ + NO3-
pH= -log[H3O+]

The Attempt at a Solution


my theory was that the hydronium ion concentration would be the hydronium ion concentration in water (1x10-14 M) plus the concentration of the nitric acid (8.57x10-10 M... because it fully dissociates). then take the negative log of it. i came up with a pH of 6.99

but my chemistry professor told me that i did it wrong and it is actually more complicated and could involve equilibrium. what did i do wrong?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Are you sure you mean 10^-10 molar? that is a very low proportion (ie ppb) of acid
 
yeah that's what i mean. that's why this problem is getting difficult. if you just change the concentration of nitric acid to the H3O+ concentration, you get a pH above 7.. which is wrong
 
erjkism said:
yeah that's what i mean. that's why this problem is getting difficult. if you just change the concentration of nitric acid to the H3O+ concentration, you get a pH above 7.. which is wrong

Not so. Hydronium from the Nitric acid in water will give a pH BELOW 7.

You will need to use the dissociation of water along with the presence of the small concentration of the strong acid, nitric acid.
 
The water will not disassociate to produce 1x10^14 M H30+, it will disassociate to produce x M H30 and x M OH. You can then use the total molarity of H3O from the disassociation of water PLUS the disassociation of HNO3 multiplied the the molarity of OH to find Kw, from then you can solve the quadratic and find the pH.
 
pH = -log[H+] is a convention that only works if the concentration of the acid is 10^-6 or greater. Below 10^-6, the equation will never give you the correct answer. The case is the same with pOH.

For very dilute concentrations (greater than 10^-6), you need to consider equilibrium.
 
Last edited:

Similar threads

  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 48 ·
2
Replies
48
Views
9K