How does a photon carry force?

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    Force Photon
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around how photons transmit force within the electromagnetic (EM) field, particularly in the context of charged particles like electrons and protons. Participants explore theoretical aspects of photon exchange, the nature of EM waves, and the implications for force transmission, with a focus on both conceptual and technical reasoning.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question how a photon can provide a push or pull, given that EM waves oscillate transversely to their direction of propagation.
  • One participant suggests that the ripples in the EM field may appear longitudinal, similar to water ripples, while others maintain they are transverse.
  • There is a discussion about the interference effects that occur when a photon is exchanged between an electron and a proton, which may influence the electron's acceleration.
  • Some participants propose that an electron exerts force on other electrons, and this force can have additional components depending on the electron's motion.
  • One participant argues that the photon provides kinetic energy, which is beneficial for keeping the electron in orbit, but questions remain about how this translates to force directionality.
  • Another participant emphasizes that the electric force exists, but the mechanism of how photons facilitate this interaction remains unclear.
  • There is a distinction made between energetic (real) photons and virtual photons, with the latter described as having no energy and potentially transmitting force differently.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the nature of EM waves and how photons transmit force. There is no consensus on the mechanisms involved, and multiple competing interpretations of the role of photons in force transmission are present.

Contextual Notes

Participants acknowledge limitations in their understanding of the underlying quantum mechanics and the nature of electric forces, indicating that the discussion may not fully resolve the complexities involved.

  • #61
Frame Dragger said:
:rolleyes:

Yes, that is the whole point, with QED picture there is no "action at a distance" since I said that force is change in momentum, anything that carries momentum can exert a force by passing on the momentum.
Every photon can only be specified by its momentum and its polarization
 
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