How Does Doubling the Current Affect the Compass Needle's Deflection Angle?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the effect of current magnitude on the deflection angle of a compass needle positioned beneath a conducting wire. When a current I flows through the wire, the compass needle deflects 20° to the west. Doubling the current to 2I results in a new deflection angle α. The relationship between the two angles can be established using the magnetic field equations, specifically the moment of the couple M = BIANcosθ, where B represents the magnetic field strength influenced by the wire and the Earth’s magnetic field.

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  • Knowledge of trigonometric functions and their applications in physics
  • Basic principles of electromagnetism
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Students and educators in physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism and magnetic field interactions, as well as anyone studying the behavior of magnetic instruments like compasses under varying electrical conditions.

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Homework Statement


A conducting wire runs directly over a horizontal compass in the north-south direction. When a current of magnitude I passes through the wire, the compass needle swings 20° to the west and stays in that position.

When a current of 2I passes through the wire, the compass needle swings α° to the west and stops. What condition does α fulfill?


Homework Equations


I used M(couple moment) = BIANcosθ 


The Attempt at a Solution


   I am not sure that at does the moment between the 1st event (when I passes) and the 2nd event (2I passes) equal?
I guess it is not because I my answer is wrong when I assume like this... But what is the relationship between 1st and 2nd event for solving this problem...

Help is appreciate..
Thanks in advance :)
 
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The compass needle points in the direction of the net B field which is the vector sum of the field of the Earth and the field of the wire.

Think about the direction of these two fields and draw a sketch showing their vector sum. Make a similar sketch for the case where the current is doubled. Identify the angle of 20o in the first sketch and the angle α in the second. Use an appropriate trig function to relate the two angles.
 

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