How does eyes encodes information to be sent to brain?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around how information is encoded by the eyes and transmitted to the brain, focusing on the arrangement and function of optic nerves and the retina. Participants explore the complexity of visual processing, including the roles of various cells in the retina and the overall mechanism of visual perception.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question how optic nerves are arranged to convey visual information, suggesting a potential matrix structure for encoding coordinates.
  • One participant notes that the retina performs optical processing, such as edge enhancement and movement detection, indicating that it is not merely a passive receiver of light.
  • Another participant describes the retina as being composed of numerous photoreceptor cells that detect light and transmit signals through various types of retinal cells to the optic nerve.
  • Some participants express uncertainty about the complete understanding of how the brain processes visual information, with one stating that "no one knows" the full mechanism.
  • There is a mention of the brain's ability to combine images from both eyes and correct orientation, highlighting the complexity of visual perception.
  • One participant recalls seeing an aberrated image of the retina and seeks similar visual representations, indicating interest in the physical characteristics of retinal images.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the complexity of the topic and the limitations of current understanding, with multiple competing views on the specifics of how visual information is encoded and processed. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the exact mechanisms involved.

Contextual Notes

Participants acknowledge the complexity of visual processing and the need for further research, referencing specific areas such as visual object recognition and retinal coding without providing definitive answers.

reckon
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Is there anyone who knows on how's the information being transferred from eyes to brain? I'm not asking about how a single optical nerve works here, but how does these nerves arranged so that they can convey a 'live video' from eyes to brain. Is it a matrix of optic nerves with a single nerve assigned for a particular x,y coordinate? or how?

Anyone could give me a clue about this?

*sorry if my english is bad or not being clear enough
 
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This is a fantastically complex topic. I can't say too much other than:

1) the eye is not a ccd: it is not one nerve/rod (or cone).
2) the retina is part of the brain and performs optical processing 'on-site' (edge enhancement, movement detection and local averaging, for example).

My neuroscience book (Kandel et. al) has some information, but I don't have a proper text on vision.
 
reckon said:
Is there anyone who knows on how's the information being transferred from eyes to brain? I'm not asking about how a single optical nerve works here, but how does these nerves arranged so that they can convey a 'live video' from eyes to brain. Is it a matrix of optic nerves with a single nerve assigned for a particular x,y coordinate? or how?

Anyone could give me a clue about this?

*sorry if my english is bad or not being clear enough

Our eye is designed so that the lens of your eye projects a real image onto your retina. Check this picture for help: http://webvision.umh.es/webvision/imageswv/Sagschem.jpeg

Imagine that your retina is divided into squares about 1 micron in length. Imagine that it's composed of 90 million squares. A rod is located in each square and detects light that hits that square. When light is detected, a signal is sent from your photoreceptor cells which is processed by horizontal, bipolar, and amacrine cells and sent to retinal ganglion cells in your optic nerve. Information from your eye is used to detect and recognize shapes, edges, lines, and patterns. The most caudal region of our brain is dedicated to making sense of the visual information encoded by our eyes and optic nerve.

To oversimplify it, your retina is made up of 90 million pixels that transmit a signal when the pixel detects light.
 
This is my area of specialty. Sadly, the short answer is: no one knows ;)

For the long answer on how the brain processes visual information... search for review articles on "visual object recognition"

For retina specific work, look up papers on retinal coding
 
Vision is really an incredible concept. It's amazing how the brain combines the images of both the eyes into one complete view and how it makes sure that everything is the right-side up (among other things).
 
I've seen a picture of what the image on the retina 'really' looks like- it is horrendously aberrated, as I recall. I can't seem to find a similar picture online- anyone seen something similar?
 

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