How does my brain locate my hand in space?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proprioception, the body's ability to sense its position in space without visual or tactile input. Participants highlight the role of mechanosensors in muscle spindles, which transmit information about muscle stretch to the nervous system, enabling the brain to calculate limb orientation. The parietal lobes integrate this somatosensory information with inputs from the vestibular system to create a spatial awareness of the body. The conversation also touches on practical applications for individuals with proprioceptive dysfunction, suggesting mechanical devices to aid in spatial awareness.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of proprioception and its significance in spatial awareness
  • Knowledge of muscle spindle function and mechanosensors
  • Familiarity with the role of the vestibular system in balance and orientation
  • Basic concepts of neural computation in the brain
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the mechanisms of proprioception in depth, focusing on muscle spindle physiology
  • Explore the vestibular system's role in spatial orientation and balance
  • Investigate assistive technologies for individuals with proprioceptive deficits
  • Study case examples from Oliver Sacks' "The Man Who Mistook His Wife For a Hat" for insights on proprioceptive loss
USEFUL FOR

Neuroscientists, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and individuals interested in understanding proprioception and its implications for movement and rehabilitation.

AcidRainLiTE
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If I close my eyes (so as to remove my sense of sight) and spread my fingers so they do not touch (so as to remove sense of feeling) and then move my hand around, I still have a sense of where in space it is located. How is my brain figuring out the location of my hand under these conditions?
 
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AcidRainLiTE said:
If I close my eyes (so as to remove my sense of sight) and spread my fingers so they do not touch (so as to remove sense of feeling) and then move my hand around, I still have a sense of where in space it is located. How is my brain figuring out the location of my hand under these conditions?
From the nerve signals sent from the hand. You don't need sight to sense your body.
 
What are the nerve's being stimulated by?/What information are they transmitting? Are they transmitting information about how tense my various muscles are and then from that information my brain is calculating the orientation and extension of my arm and hence the location of my hand?
 
Yup, exactly, little mechanosensors in the muscle spindle measure how much your muscles have stretched and report it to the nervous system, increasing frequency of firing with intensity of muscle stretch.

By some feat of neural computation, your parietal lobes use this somatosensory information (along with other information from your different sensory systems, such as your vestibular system, which detects the motion of fluid in your brain and your head's orientation with respect to gravity) to put together a picture of your body's configuration in space. Of course, having seen 3D space with your eyes your whole life and having echo-located on sounds with your ears (assuming you have functioning eyes and ears), there's probably a lot of extra help from an informed imagination.
 
atyy said:
Yes, proprioception. It is the incredibly important sense that most don't realize they have or need. The few people who have completely lost their sense of proprioception have had their lives devastated. Oliver Sacks tells the story of one woman who lost it in his book "The Man Who Mistook His Wife For a Hat", in chapter 3, "The Disembodied Lady".

Due to Multiple Sclerosis, my Brother-in-Law has lost the proprioception in his feet. He can't tell where they are except by looking at them. He has to walk staring at his feet.
 
I wonder whether it is possible to read the signals from these nerves (by placing a electrode or something on your arm) and interpret them so as to be able to track your hand.
 
AcidRainLiTE said:
I wonder whether it is possible to read the signals from these nerves (by placing a electrode or something on your arm) and interpret them so as to be able to track your hand.
Do you mean for people who have dysfunctional proprioception? A less complicated and risky method could be to devise mechanical devices worn on the knees, elbows, shoulders and hips that apply pressure to different areas of the limb on the basis of how extended the joint is. Overtime perhaps patients will adapt to this; I've read a Sacks case wherein the patient could no longer balance. They improvised a small spirit level attached to his glasses so that he could tell if he was standing straight. After a lot of practice he could walk again and the action became automatic.
 

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