How Is Coefficient of Restitution Used in Car Accident Reconstruction?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the application of the coefficient of restitution (C.O.R.) in car accident reconstruction, specifically involving two vehicles with conflicting claims about their speeds and collision dynamics. The coefficient of restitution is approximately 41%, with a coefficient of friction of 0.8. Key equations include the kinetic energy relationship and the conservation of momentum, which are essential for calculating the initial velocities of the cars post-collision. The user successfully calculated post-collision speeds but seeks clarification on using C.O.R. to determine initial speeds, emphasizing the need for accurate application of physics principles in accident analysis.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the coefficient of restitution (C.O.R.) in collision physics
  • Familiarity with conservation of momentum equations
  • Knowledge of kinetic energy calculations in physics
  • Basic principles of friction and its role in motion
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and application of the coefficient of restitution in collisions
  • Learn how to apply conservation of momentum in two-dimensional collisions
  • Explore detailed examples of kinetic energy calculations in accident reconstruction
  • Investigate the role of friction in vehicle dynamics during collisions
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, accident reconstruction professionals, and engineers involved in vehicle dynamics and safety analysis will benefit from this discussion.

Krazykaveman
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My physics professor gave us a lab in which we have to do accident reconstruction. The difficulty I am having is that we have not gone over how to calculate collision with coefficients of restitution in class. So far we've only done completely elastic or inelastic, yet now he expects us to do this on our own.

Homework Statement


Car 1 traveling east and claims they were going 15 mph.
Car 2 is traveling north and claims they were going 40 mph.

After collision, Car 1 skids 66.8ft, 30º north of east
Car 2 skids 16.7ft, 9º south of east.

The coefficient of friction is .8 and the coefficient of restitution is approx 41%.

Car 1 claims that Car 2 rammed into the side of her car.
Car 2 claims that Car 1 rammed into the side of her car (travelling at a high rate of speed)
Car 2 had the right of way.

Homework Equations


1/2mv^2 = μmgd (1)
KE(init)/KE(final) = C.O.R. ^ 2 (2)

The Attempt at a Solution


Using the distances traveled and the amount of friction involved, I calculated the speed of each car the moment after collision. Now I am trying to verify the initial speeds of each driver. I know one of the drivers were speeding by using eqn. 2 and finding the velocities in the center of mass frame of reference, however this method will not help me guess what the initial velocities would be but just that the initial speeds are too low. I currently suspect that car 1 was going at a much higher rate of speed and was hit by car 2.

How would I use this data and use equations for coefficient of restitution to figure out what the initial velocities of the cars would be if one were speeding?
 
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Write out both the conservation of momentum equations and the conservation of energy equation. The final total kinetic energy is equal to the coefficient of restitution times the initial total kinetic energy. There's nothing mysterious about this; it's just how the coefficient of restitution is defined.
 
So just to clarify, is the following expression true?

1/2m_1v_1_f^2 + 1/2m_2v_2_f^2 = (1/2m_1v_1_i^2 + 1/2m_2v_2_i^2) * C.O.R.

And the velocities are not relative to the center of mass or anything like that?
 

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