How long does it take for a valence electron being excited to conduction band?

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SUMMARY

The time it takes for a valence electron in silicon to be excited to the conduction band is not instantaneous and involves a measurable duration. Transitions between electronic states in molecules typically occur on the order of 1 femtosecond (1 fs or 1x10-15 seconds). Recent advancements in molecular spectroscopy have demonstrated electron density motion post-excitation with pulses as short as 0.1 fs. These findings highlight the rapid dynamics of electron transitions in semiconductor materials.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of semiconductor physics, particularly silicon behavior.
  • Familiarity with photon absorption processes, including one-photon and two-photon absorption.
  • Knowledge of femtosecond timescales and their significance in electronic transitions.
  • Basic principles of molecular spectroscopy and its experimental techniques.
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  • Research "semiconductor electron transitions" for deeper insights into excitation mechanisms.
  • Explore "molecular spectroscopy techniques" to understand experimental setups used in electron dynamics studies.
  • Investigate "femtosecond laser technology" and its applications in observing rapid electron movements.
  • Study "one-photon vs two-photon absorption" to differentiate their effects on electron excitation in materials.
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Physicists, materials scientists, and researchers in semiconductor technology who are interested in the dynamics of electron transitions and their implications in electronic and optical applications.

zhterran
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We know in silicon a valence electron can be excited to conduction band if it absorbs one photon(one photon absorption) or two photon(two photon absorption),my question is that it must need a certain amount of time for the electron to 'travel' from the valence band to the conduction band(I cannot imagin a instantaneously transition with zero time),then how long is that time?
 
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zhterran said:
We know in silicon a valence electron can be excited to conduction band if it absorbs one photon(one photon absorption) or two photon(two photon absorption),my question is that it must need a certain amount of time for the electron to 'travel' from the valence band to the conduction band(I cannot imagin a instantaneously transition with zero time),then how long is that time?

I am not sure about transitions in semi-conductors, but for transitions between electronic states in molecules, the timescale is typically on the order of 1 fs (1x10-15 s). Some of the most recent cutting edge experiments in molecular spectroscopy have started looking at the "motion" of the electron density in atoms and molecules after electronic transitions have been excited with an extremely short (~0.1 fs) pulse. ( For example, check out Nature 466, (2010) p. 739.)
 
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