How Much Energy Does Falling Water Generate at Niagara Falls?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the energy generated by falling water at Niagara Falls, specifically using the formula for gravitational potential energy, mgh. The height of the falls is approximately 50 meters, leading to an energy output of 490.5 joules per kilogram of water. To produce one megawatt (10e6 watts) of power, approximately 20,400 kilograms of water must flow through the generators every second. The calculations provided confirm the efficiency of energy conversion in hydroelectric systems.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational potential energy (mgh)
  • Basic knowledge of hydroelectric power generation
  • Familiarity with units of power (watts) and energy (joules)
  • Ability to perform unit conversions and calculations
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  • Research the efficiency of hydroelectric power plants
  • Learn about the physics of energy conversion in fluid dynamics
  • Explore the environmental impact of large-scale hydroelectric projects
  • Investigate advanced calculations for energy generation from varying water heights
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Students studying physics, engineers involved in renewable energy projects, and professionals interested in hydroelectric power generation.

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Homework Statement



In the Niagara Falls hydroelectric generating plant, the energy of falling water is converted into electricity. The height of the falls is about 50 meters. Assuming that the energy conversion is highly efficient, approximately how much energy is obtained from one kilogram of falling water? Therefore, approximately how many kilograms of water must go through the generators every second to produce a megawatt of power (10e6 watts)?



The Attempt at a Solution



I used the idea that energy of falling water is found with mgh. I found that 1 kg of water falling 50 meters gives off 490.5 joules, so i used (10e6)/(490.5) and got 20387.35984 kg's. The site keeps telling me that answer is wrong and I have no idea what I'm not doing right.
 
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mgh = 1 * 9.8 * 50 = 490J/kg
So 10,000,000 W/ 490J/kg/s = 20 400 kg/s

Seems right, a rather optimistic number of significant figure though,
 

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