How to calculate gravitational constant

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around understanding the gravitational constant (G) and how to apply it in calculations involving gravitational force between two masses. Participants explore the dimensions of G, its value, and how to use it in the context of physics problems, particularly for a younger audience seeking clarity on the topic.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Homework-related
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion about the units involved in the gravitational constant, specifically m³, kg, and seconds.
  • Another participant explains the formula for gravitational force, F = Gm₁m₂/r², and discusses the dimensions of G.
  • There is a question about the alternate representation of G and its components, with some participants clarifying that G is a constant value.
  • Participants discuss how to rearrange the gravitational force equation to solve for different variables, including mass and force.
  • Some participants emphasize that G is a specific number and does not vary based on the masses or distance of the objects involved.
  • There is a request for a step-by-step calculation example, with participants attempting to clarify how to input values into a calculator without units.
  • One participant notes that the Newton is a combination of units, which includes time, and discusses the implications for calculations.
  • Another participant provides a specific example involving two masses and asks for the gravitational attraction between them using the formula.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that the gravitational constant is a specific value, but there is some uncertainty about how to apply it in calculations and how to handle units. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the step-by-step calculation process, with multiple requests for clarification.

Contextual Notes

Participants mention the importance of using consistent units (SI system) in calculations, but there are unresolved questions about how to manage units when using a calculator.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for students learning about gravitational force, educators looking for ways to explain the concept, and anyone interested in the application of the gravitational constant in physics problems.

  • #31
jtbell said:
Of course, the time unit that best matches with furlongs is fortnights, not hours. :biggrin:

The FFF system of units

oooh, thanks, jt :smile: … i'll definitely use fortnights in future! :-p

i can't find any of the other units in the fff system :frown:

lemmee see :rolleyes:

unit of angle: the farthing (= 90°, course :wink:)

unit of temperature: the fahrenheit

unit of charge: the flintstone

unit of energy: the sweetheart

unit of power: the fish! :smile:

any ideas for the unit of force? o:)
 
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  • #32
FtlIsAwesome said:
To clarify, the sizes of the objects don't matter. Only their mass.

True the size doesn't matter, but where you find r from those masses does. Using from the surface or the center will give two different answers. I'm sure you know that, but maybe the the OP doesn't. Since distance and radius were both thrown around there may be some confusion.

To the OP, in this case you want to measure your r from the centers of each object you are using.
 
  • #33
tiny-tim said:
any ideas for the unit of force? o:)
The falcon.
 
  • #34
@robertroman10


In some cases people use kilometers instead of meters.

If this is so, then G will be:
6.67428x10-20
Its units are N km2/kg2

When discussing the solar system, it is common list distances and other properties in kilometers. So check to make sure you haven't mixed meters and kilometers.

You will still get the same answer in Newtons.


This is the previous example using km.

Mass of Earth (kg): 6x1024
Mass of Moon (kg): 7.3x1022
Average distance between them (km): 384,000
Gravitational constant (N km2/kg2): 6.67428x10-20

I get the exact same result of 2x1020 N
 

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