How to Derive PdV=RdT/(1-δ) from the Polytropic Process Constant Equation?

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HethensEnd25
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Homework Statement


One mole of an ideal gas is reversibly compressed from 1 bar to P2
bar that results in temperature increase from 400 K to 950 K. Calculate the heat
transferred during the process and the final pressure, if the path followed by the gas can
be given by PV1.55 = , and the molar heat capacity of the gas is given by

Cp/R = 3.85 + 0.57×10-3T (where T is in K)

Homework Equations


dU=dQ+dW

The Attempt at a Solution


my attempt at a solution.

1. I used the first law of thermodynamics to get

dU=dQ+dW

solving for dQ

dQ=dU-dW ===> dQ=CvdT+PdV

2. Using Ideal gas solved for T then differentiated

RdT=PdV +VdP

3. It was given that PV1.55=Constant

I know since it is a real number I can use steps of a polytropic process

PVδ=Constant


This is where I am getting hung up. My books steps to solution say that using


RdT=PdV +VdP
solving for PdV

is the next step to solve the above expression PVδ=Constant.

It then says that PδVδ-1dV=-VδdP from which VdP=-PδdV

My question is how did they derive that expression from the PVδ=Constant

the end result being that

PdV=RdT/(1-δ)


Any and all help clarifying this for me would be greatly appreciated I have other formula that are all plug and chug but I would rather understand the steps involved in solving the problem with these constants.

Best Regards,

D


 
Last edited:
HethensEnd25 said:
This is where I am getting hung up. My books steps to solution say that using

RdT=PdV +VdP solving for PdV

is the next step to solve the above expression PVδ=Constant.
What do you mean by "solve the above expression"? Solve it for what?

It then says that PδVδ-1dV=-VδdP from which VdP=-PδdV

My question is how did they derive that expression from the PVδ=Constant
Hint: Consider the multivariable function ##f(p,V) = \text{constant}##. If you differentiate it, you get
$$df = \frac{\partial f}{\partial p}dP + \frac{\partial f}{\partial V}dV = 0.$$
 
vela said:
What do you mean by "solve the above expression"? Solve it for what?
I am trying to use that PVδ=constant

The book uses that to get the term of work into a term where the n factor can be used.

Here is a picture of part of the solution I am referring to and it has the part in question highlighted

Handwritten-style derivation of a polytropic process: 1st law dQ = dU - dW, ideal gas PV = RT, then V dP = R dT - P dV, P V^δ = const giving V dP = -P δ dV, leading to P dV = R dT/(1-δ) and dQ = (CP/R + δ/(1-δ)) R dT.
My question is how are they coming to that answer for work from that expression? Is it from your hint?
 
vela said:
Hint: Consider the multivariable function f(p,V)=constantf(p,V) = \text{constant}. If you differentiate it, you get
df=∂f∂pdP+∂f∂VdV=0.​
This is what I was looking for thank you!