Inequality Challenge: Prove Real $a,b,c,x,y,z$

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The discussion centers on proving the inequality for all positive real numbers \(a, b, c, x, y, z\) that states \(\dfrac{a^3}{x}+\dfrac{b^3}{y}+\dfrac{c^3}{z}\ge \dfrac{(a+b+c)^3}{3(x+y+z)}\). The proof leverages the Power Mean inequality and the properties of convex functions. Participants provide various approaches, emphasizing the importance of symmetry and the application of Jensen's inequality to establish the result definitively.

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  • Understanding of inequalities, particularly the Power Mean inequality.
  • Familiarity with convex functions and their properties.
  • Knowledge of Jensen's inequality and its applications.
  • Basic algebraic manipulation skills for handling inequalities.
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  • Study the Power Mean inequality in detail to understand its implications in proofs.
  • Explore convex functions and their significance in mathematical inequalities.
  • Research Jensen's inequality and its various applications in proving inequalities.
  • Practice algebraic manipulation techniques specifically for inequalities.
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Mathematicians, students studying inequalities, and anyone interested in advanced algebraic proofs will benefit from this discussion.

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Prove for all positive real $a,\,b,\,c,\,x,\,y,\,z$ that $\dfrac{a^3}{x}+\dfrac{b^3}{y}+\dfrac{c^3}{z}\ge \dfrac{(a+b+c)^3}{3(x+y+z)}$.
 
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Hint:

Use the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality twice and then Holder's inequality once will be sufficient...
 
My solution:

Use the Cauchy Schwarz inequality, the LHS of the given inequality becomes greater than:

$\dfrac{a^3}{x}+\dfrac{b^3}{y}+\dfrac{c^3}{z}\ge \dfrac{(a^{\frac{3}{2}}+b^{\frac{3}{2}}+c^{\frac{3}{2}})^2}{x+y+z}$

Next, impose the Holder's inequality on $a^{\frac{3}{2}}+b^{\frac{3}{2}}+c^{\frac{3}{2}}$, we see that we have:

$a^{\frac{3}{2}}+b^{\frac{3}{2}}+c^{\frac{3}{2}}=a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\ge\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}\sqrt{a+b+c}$

Thus $(a^{\frac{3}{2}}+b^{\frac{3}{2}}+c^{\frac{3}{2}})^2\ge (a^2+b^2+c^2)(a+b+c)$.

Use the Cauchy Schwarz inequality again we have $3(a^2+b^2+c^2)≥(a+b+c)^2$.

At last, the combined result leads us to the desired proof:

$\begin{align*}\dfrac{a^3}{x}+\dfrac{b^3}{y}+\dfrac{c^3}{z}&\ge \dfrac{(a^{\frac{3}{2}}+b^{\frac{3}{2}}+c^{\frac{3}{2}})^2}{x+y+z}\\&\ge \dfrac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)(a+b+c)}{x+y+z}\\&\ge \dfrac{(a+b+c)^2(a+b+c)}{3(x+y+z)}\\&\ge \dfrac{(a+b+c)^3}{3(x+y+z)}\,\,\,\,\text{Q.E.D.}\end{align*}$
 

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