Intermolecular Bonding of CH4: Van der Waals

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the types of intermolecular bonding present in gaseous CH4 (methane), specifically focusing on whether the bonding is covalent, ionic, hydrogen, or van der Waals. The scope includes conceptual understanding of intermolecular versus intramolecular forces.

Discussion Character

  • Homework-related
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that the correct answer to the homework question is D (van der Waals) because CH4 is a non-polar molecule and does not exhibit ionic or hydrogen bonding.
  • Others argue that the bonding within CH4 is covalent, as carbon shares electrons with hydrogen atoms to complete their shells, but this refers to intramolecular bonding.
  • A participant questions whether individual CH4 molecules share electrons with each other, indicating a need for clarification on intermolecular interactions.
  • It is noted that hydrogen bonding is not applicable to CH4 due to its non-polar nature, which some participants emphasize as a key point in understanding the types of bonding.
  • One participant highlights the distinction between intramolecular forces (covalent and ionic) and intermolecular forces (van der Waals), suggesting that the question focuses on the latter.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that covalent and ionic bonds are intramolecular and not relevant to the question of intermolecular forces. However, there is some disagreement regarding the interpretation of intermolecular bonding in CH4, particularly concerning the nature of van der Waals forces.

Contextual Notes

There is a lack of consensus on the specifics of how intermolecular forces operate in CH4, particularly regarding the definitions and implications of different types of bonding. Some assumptions about the nature of non-polar molecules and their interactions may also be unaddressed.

brake4country
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Homework Statement


What type of intermolecular bonding occurs in gaseous CH4?
(A) covalent
(B) ionic
(C) hydrogen
(D) van der Waals


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution



Here is what I did: ruled out B (not ionic) and chose A. The correct answer is D. Is C wrong because hydrogen bonding only happens between polar molecules? Why is D correct over A? Is it because covalent = intramolecular, not intermolecular? Thanks in advance.
 
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Physically a covalent bond involves sharing electrons.
The image is that electron orbit both whatsits concerned.
This requires the whatsits to get very close to each other: the range is of order of an Angstrom.

Do individual CH4 molecule share electrons with each other?
 
The C shares electrons with the hydrogens to complete their shells. This answer should be covalent.
 
Does the C share it's electrons with H atoms in other molecules?
 
No it doesn't. It's a non-polar molecule. In researching, I learned that hydrogen bonding is not applicable here because CH4 is not polar. Therefore, the "intramolecular" forces are covalent, but that's not what the question is asking. The question asks "intermolecular" forces which exist between atoms. Ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonding our out; leaving van der waals forces.

I think I get it now. If I am missing something, please share! Thanks!
 
That's right - the question was basically about whether you understood the difference between inter and intra molecular forces. Covalent and Ionic bonds are intra-molecular: they are what holds molecules together.

There is a good summary:
http://www.chem.ufl.edu/~itl/4411/lectures/lec_g.html
... Van-der Waals forces are the sum of Keyson, Debye, and London forces.
 
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