Is Continuously Differentiable Imply Fourier Coefficients in l^1?

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    2017
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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between continuous differentiability and the summability of Fourier coefficients. It establishes that if a continuous map \( f : \Bbb S^1 \subset \Bbb C \to \Bbb C \) is continuously differentiable, then its Fourier coefficient sequence \( \{\hat{f}_n\}_{n\in \Bbb Z} \) is guaranteed to belong to \( \ell^1(\Bbb Z) \). This conclusion is supported by the solution provided by user Opalg, which details the necessary mathematical proofs and concepts involved.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Fourier series and coefficients
  • Knowledge of continuous differentiability in complex analysis
  • Familiarity with the space \( \ell^1(\Bbb Z) \)
  • Basic concepts of topology related to \( \Bbb S^1 \)
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of Fourier series and their convergence
  • Explore the implications of continuous differentiability on function behavior
  • Learn about the space \( \ell^1 \) and its applications in functional analysis
  • Investigate the topology of the unit circle \( \Bbb S^1 \) in complex analysis
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, particularly those specializing in functional analysis, harmonic analysis, and complex analysis, will benefit from this discussion. It is also relevant for students and researchers interested in the properties of Fourier transforms and their applications.

Euge
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Here is this week's POTW:

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Let $f : \Bbb S^1\subset \Bbb C \to \Bbb C$ be a continuous map. Show that if $f$ is continuously differentiable on $\Bbb S^1$, then its Fourier coefficient sequence $\{\hat{f}_n\}_{n\in \Bbb Z}$ belongs to $\ell^1(\Bbb Z)$.-----

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This week's problem was correctly solved by Opalg. You can read his solution below.
Integrate by parts to get $$\widehat{f}_{\!n} = \frac1{2\pi}\int_0^{2\pi}f(x)e^{-inx}dx = \frac1{2\pi}\Bigl[\, f(x)\frac{e^{-inx}}{-in}\Bigr]_0^{2\pi} + \frac1{2\pi in}\int_0^{2\pi}f'(x)e^{-inx}dx = \frac1{in}\widehat{f'}_{\!n}. $$ Since $f'$ is continuous on the compact space $\Bbb{S}^1$ it is square-integrable. So by Parseval's theorem its Fourier coefficient sequence $\{\widehat{f'}_{\!n}\}$ is in $\ell^2(\Bbb {Z})$. It then follows from the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality that $$ \sum_{n\in\Bbb{Z}}|\widehat{f}_{\!n}| = \sum_{n\in\Bbb{Z}}\Bigl|\frac1{in}\widehat{f'}_n\Bigr| \leqslant \Bigl(\sum_{n\in\Bbb{Z}}\Bigl|\frac1{n^2}\Bigr|\Bigr)^{1/2} \Bigl(\sum_{n\in\Bbb{Z}}\bigl|\,\widehat{f'}_{\!n}\bigr|^2\Bigr)^{1/2} < \infty.$$
 

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